Isolasi senyawa golongan flavonoid sebagai antioksidan dari daun dandang gendis (Clinacanthus nutans)

Abstract

The leaves of dandang gendis (Clinacanthus nutans) exhibit antioxidant activity. The objective of this study is to investigate the highest antioxidant activity from flavonoid extract of the leaves. Antioxidant activities were determined by radical scavenging assay using 1,1-diphenyl-1-pycryl-hydrazyl radical. The result showed that ethyl acetate extract had antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 178.40 mg L-1. The ethyl acetate extract was fractionated further using preparative thin layer chromatography with eluent of n-buthanol:acetic acid: water (4:1:5) and produced 3 fractions. The most active fraction was fraction 2 with IC50 value of 52.93 mg L-1, which was lower than that of butylated hydroxy toluene (IC50 16.71 mg L-1). Flavonoid assay of fraction 2 showed that it contained flavonol and flavon. The ultraviolet-visible spectrum of fraction 2 in methanol solvent showed a maximum absorption at 332 in band 1 and 274 nm in band 2. In MeOH+MeONa and MeOH+AlCl3-HCl solvents there was a bathochromic shift, indicated the presence of 4'-OH and 5-OH. The new peak at 326.5 nm showed the presence of 7-OH substituent.