Analisis hubungan kekerabatan manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) menggunakan penanda morfologi dan molekuler (ISSR) terhadap kerabat dekatnya

Abstract

Mangosteen and its relatives of the genus Garcinia L. belong to the family Guttiferae which contains about 35 genera and up to 800 species. Guttifferae diversity was found across the Indonesian archipelago. In order to elucidate genetic diversity of mangosteen and its relatives, morphological and molecular analysis was conducted. Analysis of relationship through morphological marker and molecular ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) between 19 accessions of G. mangostana and their close relatives revealed the phylogenetic relationship. The diversity based on 83 morphological characters, obtained 83 (100%) polymorphic loci Analysis of similarity resulted in 4 groups with distance of similarity coefficient 0.45-1.00. The diversity analysis using 12 ISSR primers, generated 130 loci in which 129 (99.23%) polymorphic loci and 1 (0.77%) monomorphic loci with 0.40-1.00 similarity coefficient, formed 3 groups. It is note worthy that epidermis cells pattern surround stomata cell of G. mangostana is similar same as G. malaccensis and G. celebica. It is concluded that G. celebica has a close relationship with G. mangostana and G. malaccensis.