Persepsi guru dalam penerapan pendidikan lingkungan hidup di sekolah dasar sekitar hutan kawasan Gunung Salak Endah Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

This research aimed at identifying teacher’s perception of the environment, teacher’s perception of Environmental Education (EE) implementation, and the influencing factors. Data were collected through structured questionnaire, guided interview, field observation, as well as archives and secondary documents. Factor analysis, Spearman correlation, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney test were used to analyse the data. The results showed that, first, according to the result of the Draw-An-Environment-Test (DAET), teachers from forest margin area have limited environmental perception due to lack of capacity in expressing their thoughts in drawings and writings. However, since writing and drawing are not yet internalized as an important behavior in education, the DAET instrument should be critically improved or revised to make it fits for developing countries such as Indonesia. Second, according to the result of Factor Analysis, the perception of teachers toward EE is constructed from three major factors, i.e. the EE teaching effectiveness, its benefits, and outcome expectancy. The first factor – the EE teaching effectiveness – is formed by four variables i.e. perceived competence, self-efficacy, pressure/tension and perceived choice. Further analysis shows that the teacher often views him or herself as having low competence and self-efficacy due to the EE course experience and his/her educational level. The second factor resulted from Factor Analysis – the EE benefits – is formed by three variables, i.e. interest/enjoyment, efforts, and usefulness of the EE course. The EE benefits itself, according to Kruskal-Wallis test, are determine by EE training course received, level of grade taught and the nature-based organizational experienced by the teachers. Third, in order to reach effective EE teaching, the capacity, motivation, perceived competence and self-efficacy of the teachers should be strengthen. This includes but not limited to the mastery of environment-related subjects particularly forest conservation topics, strengthen skills for outdoor teaching and increased compassion on the environmental issues and/or forest related problems.