Perbandingan Profil Kelahiran Antara Panthera tigris sumatrae (Pocock 1929) Dengan Panthera tigris altaica (Temminck 1848) Di Habitat Ex-Situ

Abstract

Sumatran tiger is the remaining subspecies of tiger in Indonesia and classified in Appendix I at CITES. Another subspecies of the tiger is Panthera tigris altaica, known as Siberian tiger. Those 2 subspecies were origin from Panthera tigris which has divergenced and separated into several subspecies. The research aims to compare the birth profile between Sumatran tiger and Siberian tiger in ex-situ habitat. This research used secondary data compiled from International Tiger Studbook in the period of 1984 to 2003. The results show that the litter size of Sumatran tiger significantly different from Siberian tiger (nSumateran tiger=180, average=2,21; nSiberia tiger=220, average=2,36). This indicates some difference in reproductive capability between those tigers which may be affected by climate and food composition and availability. Data on natality does not show existing seasonal reproduction pattern in Sumatran tiger as those in Siberian tiger. Both Sumatran tiger and Siberian tiger have same potential of reproduction, i.e. maximum of 12 birth through the entire dam’s life.