Keragaman genetik kelapa genjah jombang berdasarkan penanda RAPD (Random Amplified PoIymorphic DNA)

Abstract

Information of genetic diversity in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is necessary to support the breeding programs and germplasm conservation efforts. RAPD is molecular marker can provide to enhance the efficiency of early selection for time consuming of coconut breeding. The objective of this research was to study the genetic diversity of Jombang dwarf coconut populations grown at Pakuwon and Mapanget Coconut Research Station (BALITKA) and at Jombang, and to identify RAPD markers of Genjah Merah Jombang (GMJ), Genjah Kuning Jombang (GKJ), Genjah Hijau Jombang (GHJ), and Genjah Coklat Jombang (GCJ) populations. DNA was amplified using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and ten random decamer primers. 92% of RAPD markers were polymorphic. Genetic diversity of coconut population in BALITKA was higher than that in Jombang. Genetic diversity within GMJ, GKJ, GHJ, and GCJ populations was 15, 15, 19, and 16% respectively, but among populations was 20%. 750 bp band has been identified from DNA bulk of GCJ coconut using OPA 18 primer. This DNA fragment need to be analyzed further whether could be used as spesific marker for GCJ coconut population.