Kajian keragaman karakter eksternal dan DNA mikrosatelit sapi pesisir di Sumatera Barat

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) mempelajari keragaman ukuran-ukuran tubuh, warna dan pola warna bulu tubuh, (2) memperoleh database beberapa karakter kuantitatif bobot tubuh dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh, (3) mempelajari kekerabatan dan keragaman genetik antar subpopulasi sapi pesisir di Sumatera Barat berdasarkan polimorfisme enam lokus DNA mikrosatelit.

The objectives of this study were (I) to study the variability of body size, colour and colour coat pattmq (2) to generate the abt~baseo f the body weight and body sizes, and (3) to study the relationship and grouping among Pesisir Sdatan, Padaog Pariaman and Agam subpopulation. The study was also to describe the genetic variability between Pesisir Selatan and Agam subpopulations of Pesisir cattle in West Sumatera based on the pohorphism of six DNA microsatellites loci. Quantitative and qualitative data of the cattle were collaed at Pesisir Selsrtan, Padmg Pariaman and Agam di-cts. In addition, b l d samples were collected h m Pesisir Selatan and Padang Pariaman districts of Wst Sumatera provinces. The whole data were collected during February to July 2002. The six DNA microsatelIites foci polymorphism was analyzed at the Molecular Biology Labomtory of the Biological Study Center, Bogor Agricultural University from August to December 2003. Body measurements and M y weight data were analized using the disgiptive statistics, dimimhmt function analysis, and canonical correlation Coat colour data were malized using disgiptive statistics. Microsatellites alleles data within and among the six Ioci were presented according to alleles number, distribution, frequencies, and heterozigosities. Dischimmt function anaIysis showed that the similarities among the three subpopulations were 86.36% 70.27%, and 39.69% for Pesisir SeIatan, Padang Pariaman aod Agam subpopulations respectively. Canon- wrrelation analysis indicated that body weight, withers heigth, hip heigth, head width, and head length has the higher total csnonic simdme among the body measurements. The result also showed that West Sumha Pesisir attie showed a solid coat wlour pattern with five &bate colour, and dominated by red sand. The PCR analysis showed that the average number of allele of the six microsatellite loci were 9.6 and 1 1, and the heteroigosity average were 0.8573 1 0.00014 and 0.8738 =k 0.001312 for Pesisir Selatan and Padang Pariaman subpopuIation r e v e l y . The body rn-ernemts of West Sumatera Pesisir cattle showed a high variability. The study also indimted that Pesisir Selatan and Agam subpopulations showed a closer retationship than with the Padang Pariaman subpopulation. Witbers height, hrp height, head width, and herad length can be used to differentiate the West Sumatera Pesisir cattle subpopulations.