Perancangan proses sulfonasi lignin isolat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) menjadi surfaktan Natrium Lignosulfonat (NLS)

Abstract

Process design of sulphonation of isolated empty fruit bunch (EFB) lignin to produce sodium lignosulphonat (SLS) surfactant was conducted by process synthesis, then process development by empiric systematic approach (modelling). The results were integrated into process engineering flow diagram (PEFD), and analyzed feasibility of SLS industry. The objective of this research was to obtain “the process design” especially to identify the best pulping process and the best isolating lignin path to obtain the best isolated lignin; to find the optimum process condition in production of the SLS; to determine the reaction kinetic modelling, total cost equation as a function of production capacity and optimum production capacity were also developed and to obtain the financially feasible criteria in setting up SLS industry. The best influence of NaOH addition in organosolv pulping process was obtained at 10% of concentration, and of H2SO4 addition in lignin isolation using Kim method was obtained at 20% concentration. The yield of isolated lignin was 19,945% (w/w) with 88,93% of purity. The optimum process conditions was obtained ie: reactant ratio (NaHSO3 to lignin) of 60,32 % (w/w); pH of 6,03; reaction temperature of 90,28OC; conversion of 72,20%; validation of conversion of 70,04 %. Identification of SLS by using spectrophotometer FTIR, LC-MS and UV showed that SLS product of sulphonation, was similar to SLS standard from Aldrich (SLS-Aldrich). In addition, the properties of SLS and performance test of SLS were adequate to be a dispersant agent because the purity of SLS was high ( more than 80 %).