Studi perencanaan penggunaan lahan pertanian terpadu dan kaitannya dengan upaya pengelolaan daerah aliran sungai (studi kasus DAS Citarum Hulu, Jawa Barat)

Abstract

Kualitas euatu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) sangat dipengaruhi oleh cara-cara manusia memanfaatkan lahan DAS i tu yang selanjutnya akan menentukan DAS tetap produktif eecara lestari atau sebaliknya n1enjadi rusak dan tidak produktif lagi. Penelitian untuk merumuekan Model Pengelo­laan DAS secare. Terpadu ini telah dilakukan di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Citarum Hulu, Propinai Daerah Tingkat I Jaws. Barat, khuausnya Sub DAS Cikapundung dan Sub DAS Citarik. DAS diyakini aebagai suatu ekoaiatem yang kompleks dan berkembang dengan perubahan waktu. oleh karena itu pendekatan sistem dengan menggunakan model dan simulasi merupakan alat analisis yang tepat. Dengan menggunakan model dan aimulasi, dapat dilakukan eksperimentasi tanpa mengubah aistem yang ada sehingga dengan demikian berke­mampuan sebagai alat perencanaan.

The quality of a watershed is strongly influenced by how humans utilize its land resources, which ultimately determines whether the watershed remains sustainably productive or becomes degraded and unproductive. This study aims to develop an integrated watershed management model in the Upper Citarum Watershed, located in West Java Province, Indonesia, with a focus on the Cikapundung and Citarik sub-watersheds.

A watershed is considered a complex and dynamic ecosystem that evolves over time; therefore, a systems approach using modeling and simulation is an appropriate analytical tool. Through modeling and simulation, experimental scenarios can be conducted without altering the existing system, making it a valuable planning instrument. The objective of this research is to construct a model and perform simulations to evaluate land resource allocation, erosion, population pressure, carrying capacity, behavioral factors, and production efficiency in order to develop an integrated land-use pattern and formulate watershed management strategies.

This study employs five analytical sub-models synthesized into a comprehensive watershed management planning model, namely: erosion sub-model, land resource allocation sub-model, carrying capacity sub-model, population sub-model, and production function sub-model. The erosion sub-model predicts soil erosion under various land-use and management practices and designs appropriate soil conservation measures. The land allocation sub-model identifies optimal agricultural land-use patterns, while the carrying capacity sub-model evaluates the environmental support capacity of the watershed system.