Analisis kandungan klorofil dan laju fotosintesis tebu transgenik PS-IPB 1 yang di tanam di kebun percobaan PG Djatiroro, Jawa Timur

Abstract

Sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) is an important industrial plant for sugar production. The productivity of this plant could be increased by introducing phytase gen. Such transgenic sugarcane that had been produced by Santosa et al. (2004), is expected to increase the efficiency of P fertilization. The objectives of this research were (1) to select best growth performance of transgenic sugar cane clones treated with P fertilization, (2) to measure of chlorophyll content and Leaf Area Index (LAI) of the selected transgenic sugar cane. Plantation of the transgenic sugar cane was conducted at the experimental station of PG Djatiroto, PTPN XI, East Java. Plantation was treated with two levels of P fertilization , i.e. 25% and 50% of optimum P fertlization (P2O5 = 92,29 ppm). Growth performance parameters of the plant that were measured including leave sizes, number of space between joints, number or stalk, stalk height, and stalk diameter. Samples of leaves for analysis of chlorophyll and LAI were collected at 3 and 6 months after plantation. The result show that not all of sugar cane transgenic clones (PS-IPB 1) has chlorophyll higher than its isogenic (PS-851). At 3 months old the clones contained chlorophyll-a higher than the isogenic are 6 clones in the test field I, and 1 clone in the test field II; while that for chlorophyll-b are 9 clones in the test field I, and 3 clones in the test field II. At 6 months old the clones contained chlorophyll-a higher than the isogenic are 10 clones the test field I, and 5 clones in the test field II; while that for chlorophyll-b are 9 clones in the test field I, and 6 clones in the test field II. In average, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and total chlorophyll of the plants grown in the field I are higher than that in the field II. In addition, chlorophyll-b of the transgenic plant in both fields is higher than chlorophyll-a. There is no differences of Leaf Area Index (LAI) of plants grown in the field I and II, but the LAI of plants at age 6 months is significantly higher than that at age 3 months.