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      Isolasi Cendawan Kanker Buah Pada Jambu Biji Dan Infeksinya Pada Tiga Varietas

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Yani, Mely Indri
      Tondok, Efi Toding
      Khairani, Hagia Sophia
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      Abstract
      Jambu biji (Psidium guajava) merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura dengan nilai ekonomis yang signifikan dan permintaan yang tinggi serta berpotensi untuk bersaing di pasar global. Gangguan hama dan penyakit dapat menurunkan produksi serta harga jual komoditas, sehingga pendapatan petani dapat menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan membandingkan gejala serangan patogen Pestalotiopsis pada varietas jambu biji, serta pada 5 jenis umur jambu kristal (1 minggu, 2 minggu, 3 minggu, 4 minggu, dan 8 minggu). Isolat patogen didapatkan dari buah jambu kristal dari pasar Bogor. Sumber buah yang digunakan dalam pengujian selanjutnya adalah buah jambu biji varietas jambu kristal, jambu biji putih, dan jambu biji merah yang ditanam di pekarangan masyarakat di Kecamatan Ciampea dan Rancabungur. Identifikasi patogen dilakukan secara morfologi dan molekuler dengan primer ITS1 dan ITS4. Pengamatan gejala dilakukan dengan memerhatikan gejala yang muncul di permukaan setiap sampel buah jambu. Selain itu, juga dilakukan pemotongan buah dan mengukur kedalaman gejala pada buah. Identifikasi secara morfologi menunjukkan patogen kanker buah merupakan genus Pestalotiopsis. Jambu kristal memiliki perkembangan gejala paling parah dan tercepat dibandingkan varietas lain, serta jambu biji kristal berumur muda (1-2 minggu) memiliki keparahan tertinggi dibandingkan jambu kristal berumur lebih tua (3-8 minggu). Kata kunci: hama, keparahan, molekuler, morfologi, penyakit.
       
      Guava (Psidium guajava) is a horticultural crop with significant economic value and high market demand, and it has strong potential to compete in the global market. Pest and disease infestations can reduce yield and market price, there by decreasing farmers’ income. This study aimed to identify and compare the symptoms of Pestalotiopsis pathogen infection among guava varieties, as well as at different developmental stages of crystal guava (1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks). Pathogen isolates were obtained from crystal guava fruits purchased from a market in Bogor. The fruit sources used for subsequent experiments were crystal guava, white guava, and red guava grown in household gardens in the Ciampea and Rancabungur districts. Pathogen identification was carried out using morphological and molecular approaches with ITS1 and ITS4 primers. Symptom observation was conducted by examining the visible symptoms on the surface of each guava fruit sample. In addition, fruits were cut to measure the depth of symptom penetration. Morphological identification indicated that the fruit cancer pathogen belonged to the genus Pestalotiopsis. Crystal guava showed the fastest and most severe symptom development compared to other varieties, and younger crystal guava fruits (1–2 weeks old) exhibited higher disease severity than older fruits (3–8 weeks old). Keywords: disease, molecular, morphological, pest, severity
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172651
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      • UT - Plant Protection [2533]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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