Kajian Pengelolaan Lingkungan Kolam Pemancingan Ikan di Kota Bogor

Abstract

Perairan darat seperti kolam buatan memiliki potensi signifikan untuk dikembangkan sebagai wisata pemancingan. Kota Bogor memiliki perkembangan kolam pemancingan buatan milik pribadi yang tercatat sebanyak 9 lokasi pada tahun 2021. Namun, kolam pemancingan buatan milik pribadi di Kota Bogor belum terstandarisasi secara regulasi baik dalam pembuatan maupun pengelolaannya. Menurut kategorisasi PERMENPAR No. 6 Tahun 2025, kolam pemancingan berada dalam kategori wisata tirta lainnya dengan tingkat risiko menengah tinggi. Sementara itu, Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor 4 Tahun 2021 mengklasifikasikan kolam pemancingan dalam kategori c (UKL-UPL), karena berpotensi menyebabkan dampak negatif seperti konflik sosial, pencemaran udara, dan penurunan kualitas air permukaan. Aktivitas pembuatan dan operasional kolam pemancingan dapat menghasilkan limbah organik yang tidak dikelola dengan baik, sehingga apabila melebihi daya dukung lingkungan akan menimbulkan dampak pencemaran terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Selain itu, pengurasan air kolam yang dibuang ke lingkungan dapat menimbulkan eksternalitas negatif terhadap ekosistem sekitarnya. Penelitian ini mengkaji implementasi pengelolaan lingkungan kolam pemancingan buatan milik pribadi di Kota Bogor melalui pendekatan observasi langsung, pengambilan sampel udara dan air untuk dibandingkan dengan standar baku mutu nasional PP No. 22 Tahun 2021, serta penyusunan rekomendasi instrumen pengelolaan berbasis analisis dampak lingkungan dalam mewujudkan pengelolaan lingkungan yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan.

nland aquatic ecosystems, particularly those comprising artificial pond systems, demonstrate considerable potential for development as recreational fishing tourism enterprises. Bogor Municipality experienced documented development of nine privately-owned artificial fishing pond facilities as of 2021. Nevertheless, privately-operated fishing pond installations within Bogor Municipality remain inadequately standardized with respect to regulatory frameworks governing both construction protocols and operational management procedures. In accordance with the categorical classification delineated in the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy Regulation No. 4 of 2021, fishing pond facilities are designated as low-to-moderate risk artificial tourism attractions. Conversely, the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 4 of 2021 classifies fishing pond facilities within Category C (UKL-UPL), as these installations possess considerable potential to generate adverse environmental impacts, including social conflict, atmospheric pollution, and progressive degradation of surface water quality. Both the construction and operational activities associated with fishing pond establishments generate organic waste materials that, absent adequate management protocols, may exceed environmental carrying capacity thresholds and consequently precipitate environmental contamination of adjoining ecosystems. Furthermore, the discharge of pond drainage water into the surrounding environment generates deleterious externalities that compromise the ecological integrity of adjacent biota. This investigation examines the implementation of environmental management practices at privately-operated artificial fishing pond facilities within Bogor Municipality through methodological approaches encompassing direct field observation, systematic air and water quality sampling analyzed against national quality assurance standards established under Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021, and formulation of evidence-based management instrument recommendations grounded in environmental impact assessment to facilitate the achievement of ecologically sustainable and responsible environmental stewardship.