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      Aplikasi Coating dan Lama Transportasi pada Buah Mangga Gedong Gincu untuk Tujuan Ekspor

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Kyu, Kwon Yong
      Sugiarto
      Yuliasih, Indah
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      Abstract
      Mangga gedong gincu merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura unggul yang berpotensi besar untuk diekspor. Pengolahan pascapanen seperti coating untuk menjaga mutu mangga dalam masa transportasi dan penerapan teknologi vapor heat treatment untuk memenuhi peraturan karantina ekspor yang ketat dapat mendorong buah mangga Indonesia meraih daya saing internasional. Mangga gedong gincu tingkat kematangan 80 % (K1) dan 85 % (K2) yang dicoating dengan bahan emulsi lilin 6 % (E1), kitosan 1,5 % (E2) dan tidak dicoating (E0) dilakukan penerapan lama transportasi dengan mobil yang dianggap risiko selama 6 jam (T1), 12 jam (T2) dan 24 jam (T3) lalu penyimpanan dingin dalam refrigerator (dengan suhu 13 ?) dilakukan selama 4 minggu. Hasil pengamatan dengan parameter uji laju respirasi, susut bobot, warna, kekerasan, total padatan terlarut, pH, total asam membuktikan bahwa bahan coating emlusi lilin 6 % (E1) lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan kitosan 1,5 % (E2) dan lama transportasi 6 jam (T1) dan 12 jam (T2) tidak merugikan terhadap mutu buah mangga gedong gincu. Susut bobot terdapat 4,5 % (K1E1), 7,0 % (K1E2), 8,4 % (K1E0), 4,5 % (K2E1), 5,6 % (K2E2) dan 6,3 % (K2E0) pada hari pengamatan ke­28. Pengaruh faktor bahan coating terhadap laju produksi CO2 berbeda nyata pada kelompok mangga K2 dan pengaruh faktor lama transportasi terhadap laju produksi CO2 berbeda nyata pada mangga kelompok K1. Bahan coating emulsi lilin 6% (E1) dan kitosan 1,5 % (E2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap total padatan terlarut pada kelompok mangga K1 saja dan memperlambat proses pematangan buah. Bahan coating dapat menjaga kecerahan warna (L*) lebih lama sedangkan pengaruh faktor bahan coating terhadap kekerasan buah dan perubahan warna total (??) buah tidak signifikan. Lama transportasi T3 (24 jam) mempercepat perubahan pH pada buah mangga gedong gincu kelompok K2 (85%).
       
      The gedong gincu mango is a premium horticultural commodity with significant potential for international export. To enhance its global competitiveness, effective post-harvest treatments such as coating to maintain quality during transit and Vapor Heat Treatment (VHT) to comply with stringent export quarantine protocols are essential. This study evaluated the effects of different coating materials and simulated transport durations on gedong gincu mangoes at two maturity levels: 80 % (K1) and 85 % (K2). The fruits were treated with 6 % wax emulsion (E1), 1.5 % chitosan (E2), or no coating (E0), and subjected to simulated transport periods of 6 hours (T1), 12 hours (T2), and 24 hours (T3), followed by 28 days of cold storage at 13 °C. The results, based on assessments of respiration rate, weight loss, color, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, and titratable acidity, indicated that the 6 % wax emulsion (E1) was more effective than the 1.5 % chitosan (E2) in preserving fruit quality. Furthermore, transport durations of 6 hours (T1) and 12 hours (T2) did not adversely affect the quality of the fruit. By the 28th day of observation, weight loss percentages were recorded at 4.5 % (K1E1), 7.0 % (K1E2), 8.4 % (K1E0), 4.5 % (K2E1), 5.6 % (K2E2), and 6.3 % (K2E0). The effect of coating material factor on CO2 gas production rate was significantly different in K2 mango group and the effect of transportation time factor on CO2 gas production rate was significantly different in K1 mango group. 6% wax emulsion coating material (E1) and 1.5% chitosan (E2) had a significant effect on total dissolved solids in K1 mango group only and slowed down the fruit ripening process. Coating material could maintain color brightness (L*) longer while the effect of coating material factor on fruit hardness and total color change (?E) of fruit was not significant. Transportation time T3 (24 hours) accelerated pH changes in K2 group gedong gincu mango fruit (85%).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172191
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      • MT - Agriculture Technology [2434]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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