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      Pertumbuhan, Pembungaan dan Produksi Umbi Sedap Malam (Polianthes tuberosa L.) dengan Perlakuan Paclobutrazol

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Ardian, Muhammad Bintang Rafli
      Widajati, Eny
      Krisantini
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      Abstract
      Bunga sedap malam (Polianthes tuberosa L.) merupakan tanaman hias yang semakin diminati oleh berbagai kalangan masyarakat untuk dibudidayakan. Tanaman sedap malam diperbanyak menggunakan umbi. Produksi bunga sedap malam yang berkualitas bergantung pada ukuran umbi bibit yang digunakan. Selain kualitas umbi, cara lain untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembungaan dengan pemberian zat pengatur tumbuh dari kelompok paclobutrazol. Paclobutrazol merupakan senyawa retardant dari kelompok triazol yang bekerja dengan menghambat biosintesis giberelin pada tahap reaksi oksidasi kauren menjadi asam kaurenoat melalui inaktivasi sitokrom. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh retardant paclobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan, pembungaan, dan pembentukan umbi sedap malam varietas Dian Arum. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan 2 faktor, yaitu ukuran umbi (umbi kecil dan umbi besar) dan aplikasi paclobutrazol (0 dan 50 ppm). Umbi besar menghasilkan pertumbuhan vegetatif yang nyata lebih baik dibandingkan umbi kecil berdasarkan parameter jumlah dan panjang daun. Perlakuan paclobutrazol 50 ppm pada umbi besar nyata mempercepat waktu inisiasi pembungaan 11,84 hari lebih cepat dibanding tanpa perlakuan paclobutrazol, dan meningkatkan panjang malai bunga dan diameter tangkai bunga. Umbi besar menghasilkan produksi umbi kecil, umbi besar, dan bobot brangkasan tanaman nyata lebih tinggi dibanding umbi kecil.
       
      Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is an ornamental plant increasingly favored by various communities for cultivation. It is propagated using bulbs, as seed production is limited. The quality of tuberose flower production largely depends on the size of the planting bulbs. Besides bulb quality, flowering performance can also be enhanced through the application of plant growth regulators, such as paclobutrazol. This compound is a triazole-type growth retardant that inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis by blocking the oxidation of kaurene to kaurenoic acid through cytochrome inactivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol on the growth, flowering, and bulb formation of the tuberose variety Dian Arum. The experiment was conducted at the Leuwikopo Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors: bulb size (small and large) and paclobutrazol concentration (0 and 50 ppm). Large bulbs showed better vegetative growth based on leaf number and length. Application of 50 ppm paclobutrazol to large bulbs significantly accelerated flowering initiation by 11.84 days, and increased spike length and flower stalk diameter. Large bulbs also produced higher yields of small and large bulbs, as well as total plant biomass.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166797
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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