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      Efektivitas Bioherbisida Berbasis Umbi Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) Formulasi Larutan dalam Pengendalian Gulma pada Padi Sawah Sistem SRI

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Sopiana, Sopiah
      Chozin, Muhamad Achmad
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      Abstract
      Salah satu cara pengendalian gulma pada padi sawah yang ramah lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan bioherbisida berbahan baku tumbuhan. Beberapa hasil penelitian melaporkan bahwa bioherbisida berbahan baku tepung umbi (Cyperus rotundus L.) dalam berbagai formulasi efektif menekan perkecambahan biji gulma, terutama gulma berdaun lebar. Formulasi larutan dengan pelarut air diduga lebih ekonomis dibandingkan dengan formulasi lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas bioherbisida berbasis umbi teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) formulasi larutan pada berbagai tingkat dosis terhadap pertumbuhan gulma dan produksi padi sawah sistem SRI. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) satu faktor dengan tujuh perlakuan, yaitu: tanpa penyiangan (P0), bebas gulma (P1), bioherbisida dosis 22,5 kg ha?¹ (P2), 45 kg ha?¹ (P3), 67,5 kg ha?¹ (P4), 90 kg ha?¹ (P5), dan herbisida sintetis Oksifluorfen 240 g L?¹ dosis 2 L ha?¹ (P6). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bioherbisida dari umbi teki dalam formulasi larutan efektif menekan bobot kering gulma total hingga 4 minggu setelah aplikasi (MSA), serta menekan dominansi gulma berdaun lebar seperti Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H. Raven dan Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. pada padi sawah sistem SRI. Dosis tertinggi (90 kg ha?¹) menunjukkan efektivitas terbaik dalam menekan pertumbuhan gulma tanpa menimbulkan fitotoksisitas berat pada tanaman padi, sehingga berpotensi menjadi alternatif pengendalian gulma yang ramah lingkungan. Penggunaan bioherbisida juga mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil padi dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa penyiangan.
       
      One of the environmentally friendly methods for weed control in rice fields is the use of plant-based bioherbicides. Several studies have reported that bioherbicides made from tuber flour (Cyperus rotundus L.) in various formulations are effective in suppressing weed seed germination, particularly broadleaf weeds. The water-based solution formulation is believed to be more economical than other formulations. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a solution-based bioherbicide derived from tuber of Cyperus rotundus L. at various dosage levels on weed growth and rice production in the SRI system. The study used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with one factor and seven treatments: no weeding (P0), weed-free (P1), bioherbicide at 22,5 kg ha?¹ (P2), 45 kg ha?¹ (P3), 67,5 kg ha?¹ (P4), 90 kg ha?¹ (P5), and synthetic herbicide Oxifluorfen 240 g L?¹ at 2 L ha?¹ (P6). The results of the experiment showed that the bioherbicide from Cyperus rotundus L. in solution form was effective in reducing total dry weed weight up to 4 weeks after application (WAS) and in controlling the growth of broadleaf weeds such as Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven. and Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. in SRI rice fields. The highest dose (90 kg ha?¹) was the most effective in suppressing weed growth without causing significant phytotoxicity to the rice plants, making it a promising environmentally friendly alternative. The use of bioherbicide also improved the growth and yield of rice compared to the unweedid treatment.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166570
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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