Keragaman Gen Tyrosinase (TYR) Daerah 3’UTR pada Sapi Bali Albino dengan Metode PCR-RFLP

Abstract

Gen yang menentukan warna rambut pada sapi bali salah satunya gen Tyrosinase (TYR). SNP c.1702G/- pada gen TYR penting dianalisis menggunakan teknik PCR-RFLP. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keragaman SNP c.1702G/- gen TYR daerah 3’UTR dengan metode PCR-RFLP. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan 40 sampel sapi bali meliputi: 20 sampel DNA sapi bali warna rambut normal yang berasal dari UPTD Sobangan, Kabupaten Badung, Bali dan 20 sampel DNA sapi bali albino yang berasal dari Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Keragaman gen TYR 3’UTR dilakukan menggunakan metode PCR-RFLP dengan enzim DdeI. Data hasil PCR-RFLP dihitung frekuensi alel, frekuensi genotipe, heterozigositas pengamatan, heterozigositas harapan, dan keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg menggunakan aplikasi PopGene32.1. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa SNP c.1702G/- gen TYR 3‘UTR bersifat polimorfik dengan frekuensi alel G 0,25 dan 0,575 dan frekuensi alel (-) 0,75 dan 0,425 pada masing-masing sapi bali normal dan albino, memiliki keragaman yang rendah (Ho=0,5), dan genotipe GG hanya ditemukan pada sapi albino. Genotipe GG pada gen TYR 3‘UTR berpotensi sebagai kandidat penanda genetik pada sapi bali.

One of the genes that determine hair color in bali cattle is the TYR gene. SNP c.1702G/- in the TYR gene is important to analyze using PCR-RFLP technique. This study aims to analyze the diversity of SNP c.1702G/- in the 3'UTR region of the TYR gene using the PCR-RFLP method. The number of samples used was 40 bali cattle samples including: 20 normal hair color bali cattle DNA samples from UPTD Sobangan, Badung Regency, Bali and 20 albino Balinese cattle DNA samples from Gianyar Regency, Bali were used in this study. TYR 3'UTR gene diversity was performed using PCR-RFLP method with DdeI enzyme. PCR-RFLP data were calculated for allele frequency, genotype frequency, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and Hardy-Weinberg balance using PopGene32.1 application. The analysis showed that SNP c.1702G/- of TYR 3'UTR gene was polymorphic with G allele frequencies of 0.25 and 0.575 and (-) allele frequencies of 0.75 and 0.425 in normal and albino bali cattle, and had low diversity (Ho=0.5), and the GG genotype was only found in albino cattle. The GG genotype in the TYR 3'UTR gene has potential as a candidate genetic marker in bali cattle.