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      Peningkatan Pembungaan Lengkeng (Dimocarpus longan L.) melalui Aplikasi Kalium Klorat (KClO3)

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      MUFIDAH, HUMAIROH
      Susanto, Slamet
      Maharijaya, Awang
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      Abstract
      Lengkeng (Dimocarpus longan L.) merupakan tanaman buah tropis bernilai ekonomi tinggi dan digemari masyarakat Indonesia, namun produktivitasnya masih rendah akibat pembungaan alami yang sulit terjadi di Indonesia. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala ini adalah dengan aplikasi kalium klorat (KClO3), senyawa kimia yang telah terbukti mampu menginduksi pembungaan pada lengkeng di luar musim alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan dosis optimal KClO3 untuk meningkatkan pembungaan pada lengkeng. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sukamantri IPB, Tamansari, Bogor, Jawa Barat, pada Oktober 2024 hingga Februari 2025, menggunakan varietas lengkeng Kateki. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal, yaitu dosis KClO3 (0, 2, 4, dan 6 g m?²) dengan 8 ulangan setiap perlakuan. KClO3 diaplikasikan melalui injeksi larutan ke dalam batang tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi KClO3 dosis 4 g m?² merupakan dosis optimal yang signifikan mempercepat waktu berbunga, meningkatkan persentase tanaman dan ranting berbunga, jumlah malai, panjang malai, jumlah bunga dan jumlah buah.
       
      Longan (Dimocarpus longan L.) is a tropical fruit plant of high economic value and is favored by the Indonesian community. However, its productivity remains low due to the difficulty of natural flowering occurring in Indonesia. One of the efforts that can be made to address this issue is the application of potassium chlorate (KClO3), a chemical compound that has been proven to induce flowering in longan outside of its natural season. This study aims to determine the optimal dose of KClO3 to enhance flowering in longan. The research was conducted at the Sukamantri Experimental Garden of IPB, Tamansari, Bogor, West Java, from October 2024 to February 2025, using the Kateki longan variety. The study employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a single factor, namely the doses of KClO3 (0, 2, 4, and 6 g m?²) with 8 replications for each treatment. KClO3 was applied through the injection of a solution into the plant's stem. The results showed that the application of KClO3 at a dose of 4 g m?² was the optimal dose that significantly accelerated the flowering time, increased the percentage of flowering plants and branches, the number of panicles, panicle length, number of flowers, and number of fruits.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166044
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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