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      Keragaman Genetik Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour.) Druce di Cagar Alam Rawa Danau Berdasarkan Marka Morfologi dan ISSR

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Fadhil, Muhammad Hisyam
      Sobir
      Chikmawati, Tatik
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      Abstract
      Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour.) Druce adalah satu dari tiga spesies Nepenthes di Pulau Jawa yang menjadi spesies paling rentan, karena banyak dari habitatnya di dataran rendah sudah dialih fungsikan sebagai area pemukiman serta pertanian. Tercatat dari empat lokasi habitat, sekarang ini hanya tersisa satu lokasi yang masih lestari di Cagar Alam Rawa Danau (CARD), Banten. Langkah konservasi serta pemuliaan perlu dilakukan, mengingat statusnya sebagai tanaman langka dan tanaman hias. Salah satu caranya adalah melalui analisis keragaman genetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keragaman dan struktur populasi N. mirabilis di Pulau Jawa dengan menggunakan marka morfologi dan Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) yang telah dikembangkan. Riset ini menggunakan 18 sampel N. mirabilis dari CARD, yang kemudian diuji dengan 30 marka morfologi dan 20 kandidat marka ISSR. Keragaman morfologi antar lokasi cenderung seragam dengan terdapat 14 karakter morfologi yang monomorfik dan 16 karakter polimorfik. Variasi morfologi diamati tidak terpaut pada lokasi. Sebanyak 13 dan 6 primer ISSR yang efektif diperoleh berdasarkan nilai PIC dan R. Keragaman genetik dalam populasi lebih tinggi (86%) dibandingkan antar populasi (14%). Struktur populasi memperlihatkan bahwa ketiga lokasi merupakan tiga populasi yang berbeda. Penggugusan menggunakan marka ISSR terbagi berdasarkan lokasi. Dendrogram data gabungan relatif tidak berubah secara signifikan terhadap ISSR.
       
      Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour.) Druce is one of three Nepenthes species in Java that are most vulnerable due to extensive habitat loss in lowland areas, which have been largely converted for residential and agricultural use. Currently, only one of the four known populations that sustain is located in the Rawa Danau Nature Reserve (CARD), Banten. Conservation and breeding efforts are urgently needed. One approach to support these efforts is through the analysis of genetic diversity. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity of N. mirabilis in Java using both morphological and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 18 samples from CARD were analyzed using 30 morphological traits and 20 ISSR primers. Morphological variation among individuals was relatively uniform, with 14 monomorphic and 16 polymorphic morphological characters. Morphological variation was not associated with sampling location. Thirteen and 6 highly effective ISSR primers were identified based on PIC and R values. Genetic variation was higher within populations (86%) than between populations (14%). Population structure analysis indicated that samples from three locations belonged to different populations. Cluster using ISSR showed grouping based on location. The combined dendrogram showed no significant changes compared with ISSR.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165618
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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