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      Aplikasi Pelapisan Benih untuk Mempertahankan Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Jeruk Peras (Citrus sinensis L.) selama Penyimpanan

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Setianingsih, Elsa
      Sari, Maryati
      Widajati, Eny
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      Abstract
      Pelapisan benih merupakan salah satu metode peningkatan kualitas benih yang bertujuan menyediakan materi khusus sebagai nutrisi tambahan dalam mempertahankan mutu benih. Pelapisan ini diterapkan pada benih tebar langsung yang membutuhkan kekuatan untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman berkelanjutan sehingga harus memiliki viabilitas dan vigor yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh metode aplikasi pelapisan yang tepat untuk mempertahankan viabilitas dan vigor benih jeruk peras (Citrus sinensis L.) selama penyimpanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah pelapisan benih yang terdiri atas enam taraf yaitu lapisan (1) CMC, (2) CMC + pupuk kandang ayam, (3) CMC + vermikompos, (4) tapioka, (5) tapioka + pupuk kandang ayam, dan (6) tapioka + vermikompos. Faktor kedua adalah periode simpan yang terdiri atas tiga taraf yaitu 0, 2, dan 4 minggu. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap viabilitas awal benih, kadar air benih, daya berkecambah, potensi tumbuh maksimum, indeks vigor, kecepatan tumbuh, mean germination time, panjang akar, dan variasi poliembrioni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan vermikompos atau pupuk kandang ayam dalam pelapisan benih menurunkan kadar air benih secara signifikan. Teknik seed coating (CMC atau tapioka) lebih mampu mempertahankan viabilitas dan vigor dibandingkan dengan teknik seed pelleting (CMC + vermikompos, CMC + pupuk kandang ayam, tapioka + vermikompos, tapioka + pupuk kandang ayam).
       
      Seed coating is one of the seed enhancement methods that aims to provide special materials as additional nutrients in maintaining seed quality. This technique applied to direct-sown seeds that requires strength for sustainable plant growth and development so that it must have high viability and vigor. This research aims to obtain the right coating application method to maintain the viability and vigor of squeezed orange (Citrus sinensis L.) seeds during storage. This research used a factorial completely randomized group design. The first factor was seed coating which consisted of six levels, namely layers (1) CMC, (2) CMC + chicken manure, (3) CMC + vermicompost, (4) tapioca, (5) tapioca + chicken manure, and (6) tapioca + vermicompost. The second factor was the storage period which consisted of three levels, namely 0, 2, and 4 weeks. Observation were made on the initial viability of seeds, seed moisture content, germination, maximum growth potential, vigor index, growth speed, mean germination time, root length, and variation of polyembryony. The results showed that the use of vermicompost or chicken manure in seed coating significantly reduced seed moisture content. The seed coating technique (CMC or tapioca) was more capable to maintain viability and vigor compared to the seed pelleting technique (CMC + vermicompost, CMC + chicken manure, tapioca + vermicompost, tapioca + chicken manure).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165206
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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