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      Daya Saing dan Aliran Perdagangan Rumput Laut Indonesia di Pasar Internasional

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Sari, Puti Nilam
      Nurmalina, Rita
      Utami, Anisa Dwi
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      Abstract
      Indonesia merupakan produsen dan eksportir rumput laut terbesar kedua di dunia dengan potensi besar untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah melalui produk olahan seperti karagenan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing rumput laut dan karagenan Indonesia di pasar internasional, termasuk di sepuluh negara tujuan, serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi aliran perdagangannya. Metode yang digunakan meliputi Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan gravity model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rumput laut dan karagenan Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang kuat di pasar internasional. Rumput laut menunjukkan daya saing yang kuat di sepuluh negara tujuan, dengan posisi tertinggi di Prancis, sedangkan karagenan memiliki daya saing tertinggi di Inggris. Variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor rumput laut meliputi PDB riil per kapita negara tujuan dan indeks RCA, sementara nilai tukar, jarak ekonomi, dummy SPS dan dummy TBT tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Adapun untuk karagenan, variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan mencakup PDB riil per kapita negara tujuan, nilai tukar, indeks RCA, dan dummy SPS, sedangkan jarak ekonomi dan dummy TBT tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor.
       
      Indonesia is the world’s second-largest producer and exporter of seaweed, with considerable potential to enhance added value through processed products such as carrageenan. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian seaweed and carrageenan in international markets, including the top ten export destination countries, and to examine the factors influencing their trade flows. The methods employed include the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and the gravity model. The result indicate that Indonesian seaweed and carrageenan are competitive in international trade. Seaweed demonstrates strong competitiveness across all ten destination countries, with the highest level observed in France, while carrageenan shows the highest competitiveness in the United Kingdom. Significant factors influencing seaweed export volume include the destination country's real GDP per capita and the RCA index, whereas exchange rate, economic distance, SPS dummy and TBT dummy variables do not have a significant effect. In the case of carrageenan, the destination country's real GDP per capita, exchange rate, RCA index, and SPS dummy are significant determinants, while economic distance and the TBT dummy variable do not significantly affect export volume.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/164275
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      • UT - Agribusiness [4776]

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