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      Komunikasi Persuasif Media Sosial X dan Self Perception Generasi Z dalam Keputusan Childfree di Kota Sukabumi

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Ainiyyah, Khalishah
      Priatna, Wahyu Budi
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      Abstract
      Fenomena childfree yaitu keputusan untuk tidak memiliki anak yang semakin populer di kalangan Generasi Z. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh perubahan sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya, serta pengaruh besar media sosial, khususnya platform sosial media X. Generasi Z yang tumbuh dalam era digital, memiliki pandangan yang lebih fleksibel dan individualis terhadap kehidupan, termasuk soal pernikahan dan keturunan. Tujuan penellitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis bagaimana komunikasi persuasif di media sosial X memengaruhi keputusan childfree dan menjelaskan bagaimana persepsi diri (self perception) Generasi Z di Kota Sukabumi terhadap fenomena tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis untuk memahami pengalaman subjektif responden terkait keputusan childfree. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan kajian literatur yang relevan. Subjek penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu sepuluh individu generasi Z berusia 21 hingga 26 tahun yang berdomisili di Kota Sukabumi. Subjek penelitian merupakan pengguna aktif media sosial X dan memiliki pasangan atau sudah menikah. Mayoritas responden memahami childfree sebagai pilihan sadar yang mencerminkan nilai hidup dan orientasi masa depan, bukan akibat ketidakmampuan biologis. Keputusan ini dianggap sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab terhadap diri sendiri dan pasangan, serta didasari oleh kesiapan mental, emosional, dan kondisi kehidupan. Media sosial X berperan penting dalam membentuk opini melalui diskusi publik, opini influencer seperti Gita Savitri, dan pemberitaan media yang memberikan referensi luas. Platform ini mendorong Generasi Z untuk memiliki persepsi yang lebih terbuka dan kritis terhadap norma tradisional, serta memperkuat kesadaran akan kebebasan dalam menentukan pilihan hidup. Persepsi Generasi Z di Kota Sukabumi untuk mengenai gaya hidup childfree dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, seperti trauma masa lalu, ketidaksiapan mental dan emosional, tekanan ekonomi, serta keinginan mengejar kebebasan dan pencapaian pribadi. Mereka memandang childfree sebagai pilihan rasional dan bertanggung jawab. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori self perception dari Daryl Bem untuk menjelaskan bagaimana individu membentuk pemahaman diri melalui observasi diri dan respons sosial, serta teori komunikasi persuasif Aristoteles (ethos, logos, pathos) yang menggambarkan bagaimana media sosial membentuk opini publik secara emosional, logis, dan kredibel. Teori Agenda setting dan Framing turut digunakan untuk melihat bagaimana media sosial menentukan topik penting dan memengaruhi cara pandang terhadap isu childfree.
       
      The childfree phenomenon, which refers to the decision not to have children, is becoming increasingly popular among Generation Z. This trend is influenced by social, economic, and cultural changes, as well as the significant impact of social media particularly the platform Social Media X. Generation Z, having grown up in the digital era, tends to have more flexible and individualistic views on life, including marriage and having children. The purpose of this study is to analyze how persuasive communication on Social Media X influences childfree decisions and to explain how Generation Z in Sukabumi City perceives this phenomenon through the lens of self-perception. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological approach to understand respondents' subjective experiences related to the childfree decision. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews and relevant literature review. Research subjects were selected using purposive sampling ten Generation Z individuals aged 21 to 26 years living in Sukabumi City. They are active users of Social Media X and are either in a relationship or married. Most respondents understand childfree as a conscious choice that reflects personal values and future life goals, not as a result of biological inability. This decision is seen as a form of responsibility toward oneself and one’s partner, based on mental and emotional readiness and life conditions. Social Media X plays a crucial role in shaping public opinion through discussions, influencer opinions—such as Gita Savitri and media coverage that provides diverse references. This platform encourages Generation Z to adopt a more open and critical perspective toward traditional norms and strengthens their awareness of freedom in making life choices. Generation Z’s perception of the childfree lifestyle in Sukabumi City is influenced by various factors, such as past trauma, lack of mental and emotional readiness, economic pressures, and the desire for freedom and personal achievement. They view childfree as a rational and responsible choice. This study uses Daryl Bem's self-perception theory to explain how individuals form self-understanding through self-observation and social responses, as well as Aristotle’s theory of persuasive communication (ethos, logos, pathos), which illustrates how social media shapes public opinion emotionally, logically, and credibly. The Agenda-Setting and Framing theories are also applied to understand how social media defines important topics and influences public perspectives on the childfree issue.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/164035
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      • UT - Digital Communication and Media [628]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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