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      Faktor – Faktor yang Memengaruhi Ekspor Udang Beku Indonesia serta Perbandingan Kinerja dengan Vietnam di Pasar Internasional

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Putri, Virgie Alyka
      Harianto
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      Abstract
      Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kinerja ekspor udang beku Indonesia dan Vietnam di pasar internasional selama tahun 2013 hingga 2023, serta menganalisis variabel-variabel yang memengaruhi ekspor udang beku Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah Constant Market Share Analysis (CMS) dan regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effects Model (FEM). Analisis CMS dilakukan dengan membandingkan periode sebelum pandemi dan saat pandemi (2013–2019 dan 2020–2022), serta periode saat pandemi dan setelah pandemi (2020–2022 dan 2023). Hasil CMS menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia mencatatkan pertumbuhan ekspor yang didorong oleh peningkatan efek ukuran pasar selama pandemi, sementara Vietnam mengalami pelemahan akibat menurunnya daya saing. Namun demikian, pada tahun 2023, kedua negara mengalami penurunan kembali. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa nilai tukar riil dan produk domestik bruto per kapita negara tujuan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor Indonesia pada taraf signifikansi 5 persen. Selain itu, variabel dummy Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS), dummy sebelum pandemi, dan dummy setelah pandemi berpengaruh signifikan pada taraf 10 persen. Sementara itu, harga ekspor dan Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan ekspor lebih ditentukan oleh stabilitas ekonomi makro dan kemampuan beradaptasi terhadap regulasi non-tarif, bukan semata-mata oleh harga komoditas.
       
      This study aims to compare the export performance of frozen shrimp between Indonesia and Vietnam in the international market during the period 2013 to 2023, as well as to analyze the variables affecting Indonesia’s frozen shrimp exports. The methods used in this study are Constant Market Share Analysis (CMS) and panel data regression with the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) approach. CMS was conducted by comparing the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods (2013–2019 and 2020 2022), as well as the pandemic and post-pandemic periods (2020–2022 and 2023). The CMS results show that Indonesia recorded export growth driven by the expansion of market size effect during the pandemic, while Vietnam experienced a decline due to deteriorating competitiveness. However, in 2023, both countries experienced another downturn. The regression results indicate that the real exchange rate and the real GDP per capita of destination countries have a positive and statistically significant effect at the 5 percent level. Furthermore, the dummy variables for Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS), pre-pandemic, and post pandemic periods are significant at the 10 percent level. Meanwhile, export price and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) do not show a statistically significant effect. These findings suggest that export success is more strongly influenced by macroeconomic stability and adaptability to non-tariff regulations rather than commodity pricing alone.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/163089
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      • UT - Agribusiness [4776]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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