Efektivitas Minyak Nilam dan Kemiri terhadap Penghambatan Curvularia sp. secara in Vitro.

Abstract

Curvularia sp. merupakan salah satu jenis patogen pada bibit tanaman kehutanan yang dapat menimbulkan gejala hawar daun. Pestisida nabati minyak atsiri nilam dan kemiri memiliki senyawa yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Curvularia sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas daya hambat dan membandingkan pengaruh jenis serta konsentrasi minyak nilam dan kemiri terhadap Curvularia sp. secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan dua perlakuan jenis dan konsentrasi minyak. Larutan minyak nilam, kemiri, dan kombinasinya ditambahkan ke media PDA dan PDB dengan konsentrasi 0%, 1%, 5%, dan 10%. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan mengukur diameter radial miselium pada PDA dan biomassa miselium pada PDB. Jenis dan konsentrasi minyak pada media PDA berpengaruh nyata dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Curvularia sp, sedangkan pada media PDB hanya jenis minyak yang berpengaruh nyata. Minyak nilam memberikan penghambatan terbaik terhadap Curvularia sp. dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.

Curvularia sp. is a fungal pathogen that infects seedlings of forest plants and is known to cause leaf blight symptoms. Plant-based pesticides made from patchouli and candlenut oils contain bioactive compounds that inhibit the growth of Curvularia sp. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and compare the effects of different types and concentrations of patchouli and candlenut essential oils on Curvularia sp. under in vitro conditions. A factorial completely randomized design was employed, involving two factors: types and concentrations of essential oils. Patchouli and candlenut essential oils, as well as mixtures of both, were incorporated into PDA and PDB media at concentrations of 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10%. Observations were conducted by measuring the radial diameter of the mycelium in PDA and the mycelial biomass in PDB. The type and concentration of oil in PDA media significantly inhibited the growth of Curvularia sp., whereas in PDB media, only the type of oil had a significant effect. Patchouli oil exhibited the strongest inhibition of Curvularia sp. compared to the other treatments.