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      Karakterisasi Bakteri Endofit Penghasil Senyawa Indolik dan Potensinya sebagai Pemacu Pertumbuhan dan Biokontrol Penyakit Bawang Merah.

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Amanta, Adhi
      Rusmana, Iman
      Akhdiya, Alina
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      Abstract
      Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengarakterisasi lima isolat bakteri endofit penghasil senyawa indolik serta mengevaluasi potensinya dalam mendukung pertumbuhan bibit bawang merah (Allium cepa var. Aggregatum) dan menekan Fusarium oxysporum. Isolat dianalisis secara molekuler, morfologis, dan fisiologis melalui uji kemampuan fiksasi nitrogen, pelarutan fosfat, produksi siderofor, serta aktivitas protease dan kitinase. Analisis sekuens 16S rRNA mengidentifikasi isolat O3.14 dan O5.2 sebagai Bacillus subtilis, G35 dan G39 sebagai Paenibacillus maysiensis, serta G36 sebagai Sphingomonas sp. Konsentrasi senyawa indolik tertinggi terdeteksi pada kultur supernatan Sphingomonas sp. G36 (3745,86 ppm), yang juga menunjukkan daya hambat tertinggi terhadap F. oxysporum (31,36%). Seluruh isolat, kecuali B. subtilis O3.14, menunjukkan kemampuan fiksasi nitrogen, pelarutan fosfat, dan aktivitas proteolitik. Aktivitas kitinase dan produksi siderofor hanya terdeteksi pada P. maysiensis G35 dan G39. Uji pemacu pertumbuhan menunjukkan bahwa Sphingomonas sp. G36 meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, sedangkan P. maysiensis G39 secara signifikan menekan gejala busuk pangkal. Temuan ini menunjukkan potensi ganda isolat G36 dan G39 sebagai agen pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman dan biokontrol terhadap F. oxysporum pada tanaman bawang merah. Namun demikian, uji in planta lebih lanjut pada kondisi lapangan diperlukan untuk mengonfirmasi efektivitasnya, baik sebagai inokulan tunggal maupun dalam formulasi konsorsium.
       
      This study aimed to characterize five endophytic bacterial isolates capable of producing indolic compounds and to assess their potential in promoting the growth of shallot seedlings (Allium cepa var. Aggregatum) and suppressing Fusarium oxysporum. The isolates underwent comprehensive molecular, morphological, and physiological characterization, including assays for nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production and protease and chitinase activities. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequence identified O3.14 and O5.2 isolates as Bacillus subtilis, G35 and G39 isolates as Paenibacillus maysiensis, and G36 isolates as Sphingomonas sp. The highest concentration of indolic compounds was detected in Sphingomonas sp. G36 supernatant culture (3745.86 ppm), which also exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect against F. oxysporum (31.36%). All isolates except B. subtilis O3.14 demonstrated nitrogen-fixing ability, phosphate solubilization, and proteolytic activity. Chitinase activity and siderophore production were exclusive to Paenibacillus maysiensis G35 and G39. Growth-promotion assays revealed that Sphingomonas sp. G36 enhanced plant height, while P. maysiensis G39 significantly reduced symptoms of basal rot. These findings indicate the promising dual role of G36 and G39 as plant growth-promoting and biocontrol agents against F. oxysporum in shallots. However, further in planta evaluations in field conditions are essential to confirm their effectiveness, either as single inoculants or in consortium formulations.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/162595
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