Tingkah Laku Ayam Broiler Terhadap Penerapan Kipas Otomatis Berbasis IoT pada Kandang Terbuka

Abstract

Ayam broiler merupakan sumber protein penting di Indonesia. Di daerah tropis, tingginya suhu dan kelembapan dapat menyebabkan heat stress yang mengganggu tingkah laku dan pertumbuhan ayam. Kandang terbuka membuat suhu kandang sangat dipengaruhi lingkungan sedangkan pengendalian suhu manual yang kurang efektif masih umum diterapkan. Internet of Things (IoT) menawarkan pengendalian suhu secara otomatis dan efisien karena terhubung internet. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kipas otomatis berbasis IoT pada kandang terbuka terhadap tingkah laku dan performa ayam broiler. Tingkah laku diamati menggunakan metode scan sampling, mencakup eating, drinking, resting, standing, walking, preening, pecking object, dan panting. Performa produksi diukur dari konsumsi pakan, rata-rata bobot badan, konversi pakan, dan mortalitas. Hasil menunjukkan pengaruh nyata pada tingkah laku drinking di siang hari, pengaruh sangat nyata pada tingkah laku resting dan panting di siang dan sore hari. Penerapan kipas tidak memberi pengaruh pada performa produksi.

Broiler chickens are an important source of animal protein in Indonesia. In tropical regions, high ambient temperatures and humidity can cause heat stress, which negatively affects chicken behavior and growth performance. Open-sided housing systems make internal house temperature highly dependent on environmental conditions, while inefficient manual temperature control remains commonly practiced. The Internet of Things (IoT) offers a solution by enabling automatic and efficient temperature regulation through internet-connected sensors and devices. This study aimed to analyze the effect of IoT-based automatic fans in open-sided housing on the behavior and production performance of broiler chickens. Behavioral observations were conducted using scan sampling, covering eating, drinking, resting, standing, walking, preening, pecking objects, and panting. Production performance was evaluated based on feed intake, average body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and mortality rate. Results showed a significant effect on drinking behavior during midday and a highly significant effect on resting and panting behaviors during both midday and afternoon periods. However, no significant impact was observed on overall production performance.