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      Analisis Keragaman Genetik Beberapa Galur Melon (Cucucmis melo L.) Generasi S4

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Adinugroho, Hamdan Akbar
      Dinarti, Diny
      Marwiyah, Siti
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      Abstract
      Melon sesuai dikembangkan dalam bentuk varietas hibrida. Efek heterosis menghasilkan keragaan superior pada hibrida melon. Varietas hibrida dibentuk dari persilangan antara tetua galur murni. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menduga keragaman genetik, nilai heritabilitas arti luas beberapa galur melon generasi S-4 berdasarkan sifat morfologis dan agronomisnya, dan mendapatkan galur yang potensial untuk program pemuliaan selanjutnya. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak dengan satu faktor yaitu genotipe tanaman. Sembilan genotipe yang menjadi perlakuan disusun dalam 3 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 27 satuan percobaan. Setiap satuan percobaan terdiri dari 12 tanaman, sehingga total populasinya adalah 324 tanaman. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Varians, DMRT (Duncan Multipe Range Test) dan dilakukan pendugaan parameter genetik dengan menghitung koefisien keragamaan genetik dan nilai heritabilitas dalam arti luas. Proses seleksi untuk beberapa karakter potensial dilakukan dengan menghitung indeks seleksi terboboti. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa secara keseluruhan koefisien kergaman genetik pada semua karakter yang diamati tergolong rendah, nilai heritabilitas dalam arti luas terhadap semua karakter diperoleh nilai yang bervariasi berkisar antara 0,09-0,65. Nilai heritabilitas yang tergolong tinggi terletak pada karakter ukuran luka panen, kadar kemanisan dan tebal lapisan kulit. Hasil yang didapatkan galur yang potensial untuk dilakukan untuk pemuliaan selanjutnya adalah GR-1-2-3-16 dan GR-1-1-3-12.
       
      Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is well-suited for development as a hybrid variety. The heterosis effect enhances the superior performance of hybrid melons. Hybrid varieties are produced through crosses between pure-line parental genotypes. This study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity, broad-sense heritability of several S4 generation melon lines based on their morphological and agronomic traits, and to identify potential lines for future breeding programs.The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a single factor, namely plant genotype. Nine genotypes were used as treatments, arranged in three replications, resulting in a total of 27 experimental units. Each unit consisted of 12 plants, leading to a total population of 324 plants. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT), and genetic parameter estimation by calculating the genetic coefficient of variation and broad-sense heritability. A weighted selection index was used to select potential lines based on key traits.The results indicated that, overall, the genetic coefficient of variation for all observed traits was low. Broad-sense heritability values varied, ranging from 0.09 to 0.65. High heritability values were observed for harvest wound size, sweetness level, and skin layer thickness. Based on these findings, the GR-1-2-3-16 and GR-1-1-3-12 lines were identified as promising candidates for further breeding programs to develop superior hybrid melon varieties.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/161485
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7625]

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