Mutu Fisik Bibit Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King.) Siap Tanam di Persemaian Rumpin, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Mahoni memiliki peranan penting dalam rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan, karena mampu beradaptasi pada berbagai jenis tanah. Bibit mahoni yang digunakan untuk kegiatan rehabilitasi harus bermutu baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi tahapan produksi bibit mahoni dan menilai mutu fisik bibit mahoni berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI 8420:2018). Data mengenai tahapan proses produksi mahoni diperoleh berdasarkan hasil wawancara, sedangkan data mutu fisik bibit mahoni diukur berdasarkan prosedur SNI 8420:2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses produksi bibit mahoni yang dilakukan oleh Persemaian Rumpin sudah sangat baik. Sumber benih mahoni berasal dari Tegakan Benih Teridentifikasi yang berlokasi di Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat. Benih mahoni yang digunakan sudah mendapatkan sertifikat mutu fisik dan fisiologis benih. Bibit mahoni sudah memenuhi kriteria bibit normal (batang tunggal dan lurus dengan tinggi maksimal 1,5 m; bebas dari serangan hama dan penyakit serta bebas dari gejala kekurangan nutrisi; dan batang telah berkayu lebih dari 50%) dan persyaratan khusus (tinggi, diameter, jumlah daun, dan kekompakan media). Secara umum, bibit mahoni yang diproduksi oleh Persemaian Rumpin dinyatakan lulus uji mutu fisik bibit berdasarkan SNI 8420:2018.

Mahogany plays an important role in forest and land rehabilitation because it is able to adapt to various types of soil. Mahogany seedlings used for rehabilitation activities must be of good quality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stages of mahogany seedling production and assess the physical quality of mahogany seedlings based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 8420:2018). Data on the stages of the mahogany production process were obtained based on the results of interviews, while data on the physical quality of mahogany seedlings were measured based on the SNI 8420:2018 procedure. The results of the study showed that the mahogany seedling production process carried out by Rumpin Nursery was very good. The source of mahogany seeds came from Identified Seed Stands located in Tasikmalaya, West Java. The mahogany seeds used have received certificates of physical and physiological seed quality. Mahogany seedlings have met the criteria for normal seedlings (single and straight stems with a maximum height of 1.5 m; free from pests and diseases and free from symptoms of nutritional deficiencies; and stems have woody more than 50%) and special requirements (height, diameter, number of leaves, and compactness of the media). In general, mahogany seedlings produced by Rumpin Nursery have been declared to have passed the physical quality test of seedlings based on SNI 8420:2018.