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      Zat Ekstraktif Kayu Matoa (Pometia pinnata J. R Forst. & G. Forst.) sebagai Larvasida Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Muttaqien, Umar Ash Shiddiq
      Syafii, Wasrin
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      Abstract
      Hutan merupakan sumberdaya alam yang memiliki banyak manfaat bagi manusia, namun pemanfaatan sumberdaya hutan saat ini masih didominasi oleh pemanfaatan kayu. Oleh karena itu pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu (HHBK) perlu dikembangkan. Salah satu manfaat yang bisa dikembangkan adalah pemanfaatan zat ekstraktif sebagai larvasida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektivitas ekstrak kayu teras matoa (Pometia pinnata) sebagai larvasida nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Kayu teras matoa diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut aseton kemudian difraksinasi secara bertingkat dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil eter, dan etil asetat. Hasil dari masing-masing fraksinasi dilakukan pengujian terhadap larva nyamuk Ae. aegypti instar ketiga dengan konsentrasi 2, 4, 10, 20, dan 40 ppm fraksi yang paling aktif kemudian dianalisis komponen kimianya dengan menggunakan metode GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar ekstrak aseton yang diperoleh dari proses maserasi adalah sebesar 3,51% dan kadar ekstrak hasil fraksinasi tertinggi yaitu fraksi residu. Fraksi residu memilki aktivitas larvasida tertinggi berdasarkan persentase mortalitas larva. Berdasarkan analisis GC-MS, pada fraksi residu terdapat lima senyawa dominan yaitu: Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl1)-4-hydroxy-, octadecyl ester, 13-Docosenamide, (Z) -, Stigmasterol, 28-Norolean-17-en-3-ol, dan Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.
       
      Forests are natural resources that provide numerous benefits to humans, but the current utilization of forest resources is still predominantly focused on timber. Therefore, the use of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) needs to be developed. One of the potential applications is utilizing extractive substances as larvicides. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of extract from matoa heartwood (Pometia pinnata) as a larvicide for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The matoa heartwood was extracted using the maceration method with acetone as the solvent and then fractionated sequentially with n-hexane, ethyl ether, and ethyl acetate. Each fraction was tested on third instar Ae. aegypti larvae at concentrations of 2, 4, 10, 20, and 40 ppm. The most active fraction was then analyzed for its chemical components using GC-MS. The results indicate that the acetone extract obtained from the maceration process had a yield of 3.51%, with the highest extract yield found in the residue fraction. The residue fraction exhibited the highest larvicidal activity based on larval mortality percentage. GC-MS analysis of the residue fraction, identified five dominant compounds, namely: Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl1)-4-hydroxy-, octadecyl ester, 13-Docosenamide, (Z)-, Stigmasterol, 28-Norolean-17-en-3-ol, and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/159164
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      • UT - Forestry Products [2462]

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