Evaluasi Keragaan dan Daya Hasil 20 Varietas Kangkung (Ipomea reptans Poir) di Indonesia

Abstract

Kangkung darat (Ipomea reptans Poir) merupakan tanaman sayuran khas daerah tropis yang termasuk dalam famili Convovulacea. Kangkung memiliki kandungan gizi yang tinggi. Menjadikan pemuliaan tanaman kangkung perlu terus dilakukan. Program pemuliaan tanaman diawali dengan melakukan evaluasi terhadap genotipe tanaman melalui karakterisasi dengan melihat keragaman genotipe. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi keragaan dan daya hasil 20 varietas kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir) di Indonesia. Penelitian terdiri dari 1 faktor yaitu 20 varietas kangkung. Penanaman dilakukan pada bulan November 2023 hingga Februari 2024 menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak yang diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan karakter kuantitatif yaitu panjang daun, lebar daun, luas daun, panjang tangkai daun, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, bobot pertanaman, bobot per petak, dan produktivitas diantara 20 varietas kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir) di Indonesia. Sementara itu, hasil pengamatan terhadap karakter kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa hanya bentuk daun yang berbeda diantara 20 varietas kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir) di Indonesia.

Land spinach (Ipomea reptans Poir) is a typical tropical vegetable plant that belongs to the Convovulaceae family. Water spinach has a high nutritional content. This makes it necessary to continue breeding kale plants. The plant breeding program begins with evaluating plant genotypes through characterization by looking at genotype diversity. This research aims to evaluate the performance and yield of 20 varieties of land kale (Ipomoea reptans Poir) in Indonesia. The research consisted of 1 factor, namely 20 varieties of kale. Planting was carried out from November 2023 to February 2024 using a randomized complete block design repeated three times. The results of the research showed that there were differences in quantitative characters, namely leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, petiole length, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, planting weight, weight per plot, and productivity among 20 varieties of land kale (Ipomoea reptans Poir) in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the results of observations on qualitative characters show that only the shape of the leaves is different between 20 varieties of land kale (Ipomoea reptans Poir) in Indonesia