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      Preferensi Lebah Tanpa Sengat Heterotrigona itama terhadap Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Pakan di Hutan Perpustakaan Alam Kek-Tapa, Belitung Timur

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Amalia, Lyla
      Ariyanti, Nunik Sri
      Raffiudin, Rika
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      Abstract
      Kelangsungan hidup dan produktivitas lebah bergantung pada ketersediaan tumbuhan pakan. Lebah memiliki preferensi terhadap sumber pakan ketika bunga dari beragam jenis tumbuhan mekar secara bersamaan di lingkungannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis preferensi lebah tanpa sengat Heterotrigona itama terhadap keanekaragaman tumbuhan pakan di Hutan Perpustakaan Alam Kek-Tapa, Desa Mengkubang, Kecamatan Damar, Kabupaten Belitung Timur melalui analisis palinologi pada sampel madu, polen tungkai, dan polen sarang serta analisis vegetasi di sekitar sarang lebah. Sampel polen dipreparasi dengan metode asetolisis dan diamati dengan mikroskop majemuk. Tipe polen diidentifikasi dan dikategorikan ke dalam kelas frekuensi berdasarkan kelimpahan relatifnya. Berdasarkan pengamatan diperoleh 27 tipe morfologi polen yang diidentifikasi berasal dari 27 spesies yang berperawakan pohon (16 spesies), semak (5 spesies), herba (5 spesies), dan liana (1 spesies). Komposisi tipe polen yang lebih tinggi dijumpai pada sampel madu dibandingkan polen tungkai dan polen sarang. Berdasarkan kelas frekuensi tipe polen, tumbuhan sumber nektar utama adalah pohon Ilex cymosa, semak Mallotus paniculatus, herba Ageratum conyzoides dan Solanum melongena. Pada periode penelitian, lebah membawa banyak polen dari tumbuhan sumber polen Paspalum sp. dan Cyperus sp. Hal ini menunjukkan selain tumbuhan berhabitus pohon dan semak, tumbuhan herba juga merupakan tumbuhan pakan penting bagi H. itama di Hutan Perpustakaan Alam Kek-Tapa.
       
      Bees survival and productivity depend on forage plants availability. Bees have preferences for forage sources when various flowers bloom in the same period. This study was aimed to analyze preferences of stingless bee Heterotrigona itama for diversity of forage plants in Hutan Perpustakaan Alam Kek-Tapa, Mengkubang Village, Damar District, East Belitung Regency through palynological analysis and vegetation survey. Pollen samples were collected from honey,bee pollens from bee hindlegs and nest. The samples were prepared using acetolysis and observed using compound microscope. The pollen types were identified and categorized into frequency classes based on relative abundance. We found 27 morphological types of pollen that were identified from 27 species of forage plants, composed of 16 trees, 5 shrubs, 5 herbs, 1 liana. The number of pollen types found in honey was greater than in bee pollen from the hindlegs and nests. Based on pollen types frequency class, the important nectar source plants are Ilex cymosa tree, Mallotus paniculatus shrub, Ageratum conyzoides and Solanum melongena herbs. During study period, bees collected a lot of pollen from Paspalum sp. and Cyperus sp. indicates that in addition to trees and shrubs, herbs also important forage plants for H. itama in Hutan Perpustakaan Alam Kek-Tapa.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/158321
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      • UT - Biology [2401]

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