Sebaran Spasial dan Asosiasi Gastropoda pada Ekosistem Mangrove di Pesisir Nusa Lembongan dan Perancak Bali

Abstract

Nusa Lembongan dan Perancak merupakan dua wilayah yang terletak di Provinsi Bali yang memiliki ekosistem mangrove yang dimanfaatkan sebagai ekowisata, dengan geomorfologi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kepadatan dan distribusi spasial dan spasial distribusi gastropoda, serta hubungannya dengan karakteristik lingkungan dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis multivariat, yaitu Correspondence Analysis (CA) dan Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling yang terdiri dari 3 zona berdasarkan jarak dari laut, yaitu zona laut, tengah, dan darat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 22 spesies gastropoda ditemukan di Nusa Lembongan dimana 17 spesies ditemukan di zona laut dengan jenis gastropoda terbanyak Pyrene ocellata (43,48%), sedangkan di Perancak 17 spesies gastropoda ditemukan di semua zona dan spesies gastropoda terbanyak ditemukan di zona tengah tengah, yaitu 13 spesies dengan spesies gastropoda terbanyak Sphaerasiminea miniate (63,17%). Karakteristik lingkungan seperti suhu, pH, ORP, salinitas dan oksigen terlarut masih mendukung kelangsungan hidup gastropoda. Secara umum, 12 spesies mangrove ditemukan di Nusa Lembongan dan Perancak, yaitu Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora lamarckii, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tagal, Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Avicennia rumphiana, Avicennia officinalis, Sonneratia alba, dan Xylocarpus granatum

Nusa Lembongan and Perancak are two areas located in Bali Province that have mangrove ecosystems that are utilized as ecotourism areas, with different geomorphologies. This study was conducted with the aim to determine the density and spatial distribution of gastropods, as well as their relationship with environmental characteristics using a multivariate analysis approach, namely Correspondence Analysis (CA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Sampling used a purposive sampling method consisting of 3 zones based on distance from the sea, namely the sea, middle and land zones. The results showed that a total of 22 gastropod species were found in Nusa Lembongan where 17 species were found in the marine zone with the most gastropod species Pyrene ocellata (43,48%), while in Perancak 17 gastropod species were found in all zones and the most gastropod species were found in the middle zone, which 13 with the most gastropod species Sphaerasiminea miniate (63,17%). Environmental characteristics such as temperature, pH, ORP, salinity and dissolved oxygen still support the survival of gastropods. In general, 12 mangrove species were found in Nusa Lembongan and Perancak, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora lamarckii, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tagal, Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Avicennia rumphiana, Avicennia officinalis, Sonneratia alba, and Xylocarpus granatum