Pengaruh Aplikasi Pembenah Tanah Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Padi pada Lahan Sawah di Cipatat

Abstract

Penurunan kualitas tanah sawah dapat menurunkan produktivitas padi nasional. Kelangkaan pupuk subsidi dan semakin mahalnya pupuk non subsidi mendorong penggunaan pupuk yang lebih efisien. Pembenah tanah dapat memperbaiki kualitas tanah sekaligus meningkatkan efisiensi pupuk anorganik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh aplikasi pembenah tanah berbahan dasar zeolit, kapur, dan bahan humat terhadap produktivitas padi. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji meliputi P0 = tanpa pupuk (kontrol), P1 = NPK 300 kg/ha + urea 100 kg/ha (standar), P2 = Zeagro 200 kg/ha + NPK 200 kg/ha + urea 50 kg/ha, P3 = ZeomicAgro 200 kg/ha + NPK 200 kg/ha + urea 50 kg/ha. Aplikasi pembenah tanah (Zeagro dan ZeomicAgro) mampu meningkatkan pH tanah, KTK tanah, C-organik, dan ketersediaan hara nitrogen (N) dan kalium (K) pada tanah, Aplikasi pembenah tanah cenderung meningkatkan tinggi, jumlah anakan, dan anakan produktif padi, serta produksi gabah dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol. Berdasarkan produktivitas padi, aplikasi pembenah tanah mampu mengefisienkan penggunaan pupuk NPK sebesar 30% dan urea sebesar 50% dari dosis standar. Aplikasi ZeomicAgro menghasilkan potensi produktivitas tertinggi yaitu 9,03 ton/ha GKG.

The decline in paddy field soil quality can reduce national rice productivity. The scarcity of subsidized fertilizers and the increasing cost of non-subsidized fertilizers drive the need for more efficient fertilizer usage. Soil ameliorant can improve soil quality while enhancing the efficiency of inorganic fertilizers. This study aims to examine the effect of soil ameliorant based on zeolite, lime, and humic substance on rice productivity. The research was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) with four treatments and three replications. The treatments tested included P0 = no fertilizer (control), P1 = 300 kg/ha NPK + 100 kg/ha urea (standard), P2 = 200 kg/ha Zeagro + 200 kg/ha NPK + 50 kg/ha urea, and P3 = 200 kg/ha ZeomicAgro + 200 kg/ha NPK + 50 kg/ha urea. The application of soil ameliorant (Zeagro and ZeomicAgro) has been shown to improve soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic carbon content, and the availability of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) in the soil. The application of these soil ameliorants tend to increase the height, number of tillers, and productive tillers of rice plants, as well as rice grain yield, compared to the control treatment. Based on rice productivity, the use of soil ameliorant can reduce the required amounts of NPK fertilizer by 30% and urea by 50% from the standard dosage. The application of ZeomicAgro resulted in the highest potential productivity, reaching 9.03 tons per hectare of dry milled grain (DMG)