Pengaruh Model Grafting terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) di Persemaian Rumpin, Bogor.

Abstract

Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) merupakan tanaman yang dapat tumbuh subur di daerah tropis seperti Indonesia dan merupakan jenis tanaman serbaguna/MPTS (multi-purpose tree species). Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan perbanyakan tanaman melalui teknik grafting. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui model grafting terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman alpukat. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan dua perlakuan, yaitu model grafting baji (M1) dan model grafting sisip (M2). Pengamatan dilakukan selama 8 minggu setelah penyambungan (MSP), meliputi persentase keberhasilan, persentase bertunas, jumlah bibit bertunas, waktu muncul tunas, dan panjang tunas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai persentase keberhasilan lebih tinggi terdapat pada model grafting baji yaitu 73,33% sedangkan model sisip 63,33%. Perlakuan model grafting tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap keberhasilan grafting, namun memengaruhi jumlah bibit bertunas dan pertambahan panjang tunas. M1 memberikan hasil terbaik dengan rata-rata panjang tunas mencapai 7,66 cm.

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a plant that can grow well in tropical areas such as Indonesia and is a type of multi-purpose tree species (MPTS). One effort that can be made is by multiplying plants through grafting techniques. This research aims to determine the grafting model for the growth of avocado plants. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatments: wedge grafting model (Baji) (M1) and side grafting model (Sisip) (M2). Observations were made over 8 weeks after grafting, including the success rate, sprouting percentage, number of sprouted seedlings, time of sprout emergence, and sprout length. The results showed that the highest success rate was found in the wedge grafting model, which was 73.33%, while the side grafting model was 63.33%. The grafting model treatment did not significantly affect the grafting success rate but did influence the number of sprouted seedlings and the increase in sprout length. M1 gave the best results, with an average sprout length of 7,66 cm.