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      Penapisan Cendawan Penghidrolisis Selulosa Asal Tanah Kepulauan Bangka Belitung sebagai Pelarut Fosfat, Kalium, dan Penghidrolisis Protein

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Pramesti, Arina Qinthara
      Listiyowati, Sri
      Rachmania, Nisa
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      Abstract
      Penurunan kualitas tanah dapat diatasi dengan memanfaatkan cendawan sebagai agen biofertilizer dalam melarutkan unsur hara. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan kultur cendawan penghidrolisis selulosa tanah dari Kabupaten Belitung dan Belitung Timur yang memiliki kemampuan melarutkan fosfat, kalium dan menghidrolisis protein. Sampel hasil pengenceran 10^2-10^3 disebar pada medium Carboxy Methyl Celullose (CMC). Koloni yang tumbuh paling awal (hari ke 3 inkubasi) dimurnikan pada medium Pikovskaya untuk melihat kemampuannya dalam melarutkan fosfat. Isolat yang tumbuh pada medium Pikovskaya, ditumbuhkan pada medium Aleksandrov untuk mengetahui kemampuannya melarutkan kalium. Isolat yang menghasilkan zona bening pada medium Pikovskaya ataupun Aleksandrov, ditumbuhkan pada media CMC dan dilakukan pewarnaan menggunakan Congo Red 0,1% untuk mengetahui aktivitas selulotiknya. Sebanyak 5 isolat yang memiliki aktivitas di ketiga uji dilanjutkan uji proteolitik. Aktivitas pada semua uji melalui pengukuran diameter zona bening terhadap diameter koloninya. Sebanyak 23 isolat yang diperoleh, berdasarkan makroskopis dan mikroskopisnya berasal dari genus Talaromyces, Acremonium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, dan Chromelosporium. Berdasarkan peringkat nilai indeksnya, 1 isolat menunjukkan nilai indeks hidrolisis selulosa dan indeks pelarut kalium paling tinggi dan termasuk kategori sedang, dan 8 isolat memiliki indeks pelarut fosfat yang sama. Ke-5 isolat, yaitu TalaromycesTIA3.3, TIA3.4, TIA3.6, TIA3.7, dan PenicilliumTIB2.3 memiliki kemampuan menghidrolisis selulosa, melarutkan fosfat, kalium, serta menghidrolisis protein.
       
      Decreased soil quality can be overcome by using fungi as biofertilizers to dissolve nutrients. This research aims to obtain cellulose hydrolyzing fungi from Belitung and East Belitung that can dissolve phosphate and potassium, and hydrolyze protein. Samples from dilutions of 10² to 10³ were spread on a Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) medium, and colonies were purified on the Pikovskaya medium to assess phosphate solubilization. Isolates growing on the Pikovskaya medium were tested on the Aleksandrov medium to determine potassium solubilization. Isolates producing clear zones on Pikovskaya or Aleksandrov medium were grown on CMC medium and stained with 0.1% Congo Red to determine cellulolytic activity. Five isolates with activity in the three tests continued with proteolytic tests. The diameter of the clear zone and the colony measured the activity index in all tests. Twenty-three isolates were identified based on their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, resulting in the genera Talaromyces, Acremonium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, and Chromelosporium. Based on the index ranking, one isolate showed the highest cellulose hydrolysis index and potassium solubilization index, and 8 isolates had the same phosphate solubilization index. The five isolates from Talaromyces TIA3.3, TIA3.4, TIA3.6, TIA3.7, and Penicillium TIB2.3 could hydrolyze cellulose, dissolve phosphate and potassium, and hydrolyze protein.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/157833
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      • UT - Biology [2401]

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