Karakteristik Karkas dan Non Karkas Calon Galur Ayam IPB-D3 Generasi Keempat pada Umur Potong 12 Minggu

Abstract

Indonesia kaya akan sumber daya genetik ayam lokal dengan daya tahan dan adaptasi lingkungan yang baik, namun produktivitasnya rendah. Ayam IPB-D1 merupakan ayam hasil perbaikan genetik dari ayam lokal Indonesia kemudian diseleksi berdasarkan pertumbuhan bobot badannya sebagai calon ayam galur IPB D3. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik karkas dan non karkas calon galur ayam IPB-D3 generasi keempat umur 12 minggu. Ayam yang digunakan adalah ayam jantan calon galur ayam IPB-D3 G4 sebanyak 20 ekor. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2023 sampai Februari 2024 di Laboratorium Lapang Pemuliaan dan Genetika Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, IPB University. Peubah yang diamati yaitu bobot dada, paha atas, paha bawah, sayap, punggung, kepala, leher, ceker, hati, usus, rempela, jantung, paru-paru, dan limfa. Data dianalisis dengan uji deskriptif dan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase karkas calon galur ayam IPB-D3 G4 lebih kecil dan persentase non karkas yang lebih besar dari calon galur ayam IPB-D3 G1. Karkas dan non karkas ayam IPB-D3 G4 umur 12 minggu berturut-turut sebesar 59,71% dan 29,85%.

Indonesia is rich in genetic resources of local chickens with good endurance and environmental adaptation, but their productivity is low. IPB-D1 chicken is a chicken that is the result of genetic improvement from local Indonesian chickens and then selected based on body weight growth as a candidate for the IPB-D3 chicken line. This study aims to evaluate the carcass and non-carcass characteristics of prospective fourth generation IPB-D3 chicken lines aged 12 weeks. The chickens used were 20 roosters of the IPB-D3 G4 chicken breed. The research was carried out from November 2023 to February 2024 at the Animal Breeding and Genetics Field Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, IPB University. The variables observed were the weight of the chest, upper thigh, lower thigh, wings, back, head, neck, feet, liver, intestines, gizzard, heart, lungs and spleen. Data were analyzed using descriptive tests and T tests. The results showed that the carcass percentage of the prospective IPB-D3 G4 chicken line was smaller. The percentage of non carcass was greater than the prospective IPB-D3 G1 chicken line, respectively at 59.71% and 29.85%.