Analisis Vegetasi dan Seed Bank Gulma di Berbagai Pola Tanam Tanaman Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume)

Abstract

Porang merupakan tanaman tahunan yang dapat tumbuh di berbagai pola tanam dan memiliki beberapa fase siklus tumbuh. Fase vegetatif porang merupakan fase yang penting untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan porang. Keberadaan gulma dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan porang. Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi keragaman spesies serta gulma dominan melalui analisis vegetasi dan analisis seed bank gulma pada lahan perkebunan tanaman porang fase vegetatif dengan pola tanam yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Januari sampai April 2024. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode observasi meninjau langsung keberadaan gulma dengan analisis vegetasi dan analisis seed bank. Analisis vegetasi gulma dilakukan dengan metode kuadran 1 m x 1 m dengan titik pengambilan secara purposive sampling. Analisis seed bank dilakukan dengan menggali tanah pada setiap pola tanam. Tanah digali di lima titik setiap kuadran luasan 1 m x 1 m dengan kedalaman 0 sampai 10 cm sebanyak 32 sampel tanah. Gulma daun lebar mendominasi setiap pola tanam fase vegetatif berbeda. Gulma daun lebar paling dominan yang didapatkan pada analisis vegetasi yaitu Ageratum conyzoides. Hasil koefisien komunitas menujukan gulma pada pola tanam sama fase vegetatif berbeda memiliki kesamaan vegetasi yang besar. Dominasi pada Seed bank menunjukan spesies yang berbeda dengan hasil analisis vegetasi di lahan.

Porang is a perennial plant that can be cultivated in various planting patterns and has several growth cycle phases. The vegetative phase of porang is crucial for its growth and development. The presence of weeds can interfere with the growth of porang. This study aims to identify species diversity and dominant weeds through vegetation analysis and weed seed bank analysis in porang plantations during the vegetative phase with different planting patterns. The research was conducted from January to April 2024. The study utilized observational methods to directly assess the presence of weeds, including vegetation analysis and seed bank analysis. Vegetation analysis of weeds was performed using a 1 m x 1 m quadrat method with purposive sampling points. Seed bank analysis involved soil excavation from each planting pattern. Soil samples were collected from five points within each 1 m x 1 m quadrat to a depth of 0 to 10 cm, totaling 32 soil samples. Broadleaf weeds dominated each planting pattern during the vegetative phase. The most dominant broadleaf weed identified in the vegetation analysis was Ageratum conyzoides. The community coefficient results indicated a high degree of similarity in weed vegetation across different cropping patterns within the same vegetative phase. However, the seed bank analysis revealed species that differed from those identified in the field vegetation analysis.