Kelimpahan Makrofauna Tanah pada Beberapa Tutupan Lahan di Kabupaten Balangan, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan

Abstract

Keberadaan makrofauna tanah memiliki peran penting dalam mempertahankan dan mengembalikan kesuburan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kelimpahan makrofauna tanah dan pengaruh jenis vegetasi, serta lingkungan terhadap kelimpahan makrofauna tanah pada beberapa tutupan lahan di Kabupaten Balangan, Kalimantan Selatan. Pembuatan petak dengan ukuran 20 m × 20 m secara purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dan uji korelasi Pearson. Kelimpahan makrofauna tanah secara keseluruhan terdiri atas 15 ordo dan 27 famili dengan total individu sebanyak 370 individu/m². Hasil uji BNT menunjukkan kelimpahan makrofauna tanah berbeda nyata di hutan sekunder dan lahan kosong, sedangkan kelimpahan makrofauna tanah tidak berbeda nyata antara hutan meranti dan kebun karet. Berdasarkan uji korelasi Pearson, faktor klimatis kelembapan tanah memiliki hubungan positif yang sangat kuat terhadap kelimpahan makrofauna tanah, serta faktor edafis seperti porositas, C-organik, respirasi, berat basah, berat kering, dan kadar air juga memiliki hubungan positif yang sangat kuat terhadap kelimpahan makrofauna tanah.

The existence of soil macrofauna has an important role in maintaining and restoring soil fertility. This study aimed to analyze the abundance of soil macrofauna and the influence of vegetation type, as well as the environment on the abundance of soil macrofauna in several land covers in Balangan Regency, South Kalimantan. Plots measuring 20 m × 20 m were made using purposive sampling. Data analysis used the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test and Pearson correlation test. The overall abundance of soil macrofauna consists of 15 orders and 27 families with a total of 370 individuals/m². The BNT test results showed that the abundance of soil macrofauna was significantly different in secondary forests and empty land, while the abundance of soil macrofauna was not significantly different between meranti forests and rubber plantations. Based on the Pearson correlation test, the climatic factor of soil moisture has a very strong positive relationship with the abundance of soil macrofauna, and edaphic factors such as porosity, C-organic, respiration, wet weight, dry weight, and moisture content also have a very strong positive relationship with the abundance of soil macrofauna.