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      Hubungan Kondisi Iklim Tropis dengan Kejadian COVID-19: A Systematic Literature Review

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Sulaiman, Dea Antania
      Hidayati, Rini
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      Abstract
      COVID-19 merupakan penyakit pernapasan akut yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2. Penularan virus COVID-19 dapat berkaitan dengan berbagai faktor lingkungan. Pada daerah beriklim tropis, faktor iklim yang sering dikaitkan, di antaranya adalah suhu, kelembapan, dan curah hujan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan review dan sintesis mengenai hubungan antara COVID-19 dengan faktor iklim di wilayah tropis, mengevaluasi penyebab tidak konsistennya hasil penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya, mengidentifikasi dukungan kondisi iklim tropis terhadap penyebaran virus COVID-19, dan mendapatkan hasil mengenai pengaruh faktor non iklim terhadap hasil yang didapatkan dalam literatur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tinjauan pustaka sistematis. Proses pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui database PubMed, Google Scholar (Bahasa Indonesia dan Inggris), dan Scopus dengan menggunakan kata kunci yang terstruktur berdasarkan metode PICO. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan adanya keragaman hubungan antara faktor iklim dan kasus COVID-19. Setiap jenis hubungan, baik secara positif maupun negatif, memiliki alasan penguat masing-masing dikarenakan pengaruh langsung maupun tidak langsung yang berbeda-beda. Faktor iklim cenderung memiliki hubungan yang nyata. Inkonsistensi temuan penelitian sebelumnya dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor non-iklim. Diperoleh faktor iklim bukan satu-satunya penentu sehingga diperlukan upaya lain untuk mengurangi penularan.
       
      COVID-19 is an acute respiratory illness caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The transmission of COVID-19 can be influenced by various environmental factors. In tropical regions, climatic factors often associated with it, include temperature, humidity, and rainfall. This study aims to obtain a review and synthesis of the relationship between COVID-19 and climatic factors in tropical regions, to evaluate the causes of inconsistencies in previous studies, to identify whether tropical climate conditions support the spread of the COVID-19 virus, and to determine the influence of non-climatic factors on the results obtained in the literature. This research employs a systematic literature review method. The literature search process was conducted through databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar (in both Indonesian and English), and Scopus using keywords structured based on the PICO method. The synthesis results show a variety of relationships between climatic factors and COVID-19 cases. Each type of relationship, whether positive or negative, has its own supporting reasons due to the different direct and indirect influences. Climatic factors tend to have a significant relationship. The inconsistency of previous research findings is influenced by various non-climatic factors. Climatic factors are not the only determinants, thus other efforts are needed to reduce transmission.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/153878
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1720]

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