Studi Kasus Kuda Hiperimun Produksi Antisera: Histopatologi Kulit Area Penyuntikan Imunogen

Abstract

Kuda merupakan spesies hewan yang penting dalam dunia medis. Kuda yang mengalami perlakuan hiperimunisasi terhadap imunogen tertentu untuk menginduksi serum antibodi disebut sebagai kuda hiperimun. Studi kasus ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi makroskopis dan histopatologi kulit area penyuntikan imunogen pada kuda hiperimun produksi antisera. Kuda sehat dan kuda hiperimun produksi antisera diamati pada area penyuntikan imunogen. Selanjutnya, diambil sampel kulit area penyuntikan imunogen yang mengalami perubahan dan kuda sehat sebagai pembanding. Preparat histopatologi dibuat menggunakan sampel kulit tersebut dan diwarnai dengan hematoksilin-eosin. Hasil pengamatan makroskopis 12 kuda yang terdiri atas 9 kuda hiperimun menunjukkan 5 kuda mengalami alopesia rambut, pembengkakan, dan penebalan kulit area penyuntikan imunogen, sedangkan pada 4 ekor lainnya tidak ditemukan adanya perubahan. Hasil pengamatan histopatologi yaitu hiperplasia epitel folikel rambut, hiperplasia dan hipertrofi kelenjar sebaceous, edema, vaskulitis, penipisan keratin stratum corneum, dan abses kronis dengan sel radang limfosit, makrofag, sel plasma, serta neutrofil disekitarnya.

Horses are one of the important animals in the medical world. Horses that undergo hyperimmunisation treatment against certain immunogens to induce serum antibodies are referred to as hyperimmune horses. This case study aims to determine the macroscopic and histopathological conditions of the skin of the immunogen injection area in antisera production hyperimmune horses. Healthy horses and antisera-producing hyperimmune horses were observed at the immunogen injection area. Subsequently, skin samples of the immunogen injection area that underwent changes and healthy horses were taken for comparison. Histopathological preparations were made using these skin samples and stained with haematoxylin- eosin. The results of macroscopic observations of 12 horses consisting of 9 hyperimmune horses showed that 5 horses experienced changes in the form of hair alopecia, swelling, and thickening of the skin of the immunogen injection area, while in the other 4 horses no changes were found. The results of histopathological observations were hair follicle epithelial hyperplasia, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of sebaceous glands, edema, vasculitis, thinning of the keratin stratum corneum, and chronic abscesses with inflammatory cells of lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, and neutrophils around them.