Kajian Kualitas Air Limbah Hasil Pemeliharaan Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp.)
Abstract
Limbah kegiatan pemeliharaan kepiting dapat meningkatkan jumlah nutrien
di perairan, sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya eutrofikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan
menganalisis limbah hasil pemeliharaan kepiting bakau (Scylla sp.) dengan sistem
kolam terpal. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September hingga November
2023. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan
dua perlakuan (rucah dan pelet) dan 20 ulangan. Parameter yang dikaji dan
dianalisis meliputi kualitas air, limbah hasil pemeliharaan, dan kondisi biologis.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, kondisi kualitas air pada kedua media pemeliharaan
sesuai dengan baku mutu pemeliharaan kepiting. Persentase limbah sisa pakan
perlakuan pelet lebih sedikit yaitu 12% dari jumlah makanan total yang diberikan.
Kondisi kualitas perairan dan sisa pakan mempengaruhi kondisi biologis kepiting.
Kondisi biologis kepiting dengan perlakuan pelet memiliki nilai yang lebih baik
dibanding rucah dengan nilai survival rate 95.50±1.54%, specific growth rate
1.39±0.63%, molting rate 5.5±5.10%. Perlakuan makanan berupa pelet memiliki
kualitas air yang baik, jumlah sisa pakan lebih sedikit, dan lebih mendukung
pertumbuhan kepiting bakau, namun kandungan amonia dan nitrat pada media
pemeliharaannya tinggi. Waste from crab rearing activities can increase the amount of nutrients in the
water, causing eutrophication. This study aims to analyze the waste from rearing
mud crabs (Scylla sp.) with a tarpaulin pond system. The research was conducted
from September to November 2023. The research design used a complete
randomized design (CRD) with two treatments (crabs and pellets) and 20 replicates.
Parameters studied and analyzed included water quality, waste from rearing, and
biological conditions The results showed that the water quality conditions in both
rearing media were in accordance with the quality standards for crab rearing. The
percentage of waste left over from the pellet treatment was less at 12% of the total
amount of food given. Water quality conditions and residual feed affect the
biological condition of the crabs. The biological condition of crabs with pellet
treatment has a better value than rucah with a survival rate value of 95.50 ± 1.54%,
specific growth rate 1.39 ± 0.63%, molting rate 5.5 ± 5.10%. The pellet food
treatment had good water quality, less feed residue, and was more suitable of mud
crab growth, but the amonia and nitrate content of the rearing medium was high.