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      Cadangan Karbon Biomassa di Atas dan di Bawah Permukaan Tanah Mangrove serta Persebaran Spesies Global: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Khairiyah, Nurul
      Murdiyarso, Daniel
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      Abstract
      Mangrove merupakan ekosistem yang mampu menjadi pelindung wilayah pesisir untuk menahan abrasi serta secara ekologis dapat menyerap serta menyimpan karbon dalam ekosistem ini, termasuk pada biomassa di atas dan di bawah permukaan tanah. Fungsi penyerapan dan penyimpanan karbon oleh mangrove berpotensi sebagai solusi untuk mitigasi perubahan iklim berbasis alam. Namun, hutan mangrove mengalami degradasi yang diakibatkan oleh beberapa aktivitas seperti urbanisasi, pembangunan pesisir, akuakultur (tambak) dan proyek reklamasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan tinjauan dan sintesis skala global mengenai cadangan karbon biomassa di atas dan di bawah permukaan tanah, serta menginventarisasi persebaran spesies mangrove. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode tinjauan pustaka sistematis, yaitu meninjau pustaka secara sistematis melalui penyaringan judul, abstrak, dan teks lengkap. Sebanyak 191 pustaka terjaring dari 6.864 pustaka yang sebelumnya diunduh dari laman Scopus dan Web of Science. Rata-rata cadangan karbon biomassa di atas pemukaan tanah secara global adalah 63,48 Mg C/ha, dengan wilayah Fiji sebagai wilayah yang memiliki nilai tertinggi (131,93 Mg C/ha). Rata-rata cadangan karbon biomassa di bawah permukaan tanah secara global senilai 31,71 Mg C/ha, dimana Colombia memiliki nilai tertinggi (117,30 Mg C/ha). Spesies mangrove secara global didominasi oleh Rhizophora spp., dengan keragaman spesies yang lebih bervariasi berada di wilayah Asia.
       
      Mangroves are ecosystem that can protect coastal areas from erosion and can ecologically absorb and store carbon in the ecosystem, including in the above-and below-ground biomass. The role of mangroves in carbon absorption and storage presents a potential natural-based solution to climate change mitigation. However, mangrove forests are facing degradation due to several activities, including urbanization, coastal development, aquaculture and reclamation projects. This research aims to review global carbon stocks especially in above-and below-ground biomass and inventory the distribution of mangrove species. The method employed in this study is a systematic literature review, involving the systematic screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts. A total of 191 pieces of literature were collected from the 6,863 pieces of literature retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The average value of above-ground biomass carbon stocks globally is 63.48 Mg C/ha, with Fiji having the highest value (131.93 Mg C/ha). The average value of below-ground biomass carbon stocks globally is 31.71 Mg C/ha, with Colombia, recording the highest value (117.30 Mg C/ha). Globally, mangrove species are predominantly dominated by Rhizophora spp., with a more diverse species distribution observed in the Asian region.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/152877
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1720]

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