Studi keragaman morfologi buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) dari lima lokasi sentra produksi di Pulau Jawa

Abstract

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is originated from Malaysia which was spread to the South East Asia region including Indonesia. Mangosteen has been reported perform apomixis reproduction, and it is due to mangosteen population in Indonesia presumably genetically homogen. The objective of the study is to evaluate variability pattern on fruit morphologies of mangosteen population from five locations of production center in Java Island, those are Leuwiliang (Bogor), Cantayan (Sukabumi), Wanayasa (Purwakarta), these are on West Java, Kaligesing (Purworejo) on Central Java, and Watulimo (Trenggalek) on East Java. Plant sample was taken 10 trees randomly from each location, subsequently 10 fruit samples taken randomly from each tree. Homogeneity of variance analysis was conducted with Bartlett test and followed with analysis of variance that employed to locul number, fruit weight, fruit length, peduncle length, fruit diameter, fruit length-diameter ratio, rind thickness, Total Soluable Solid (TSS), seed number, and fruit sap. Bartlett test analysis showed that for all of location, no variation was found on fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit length-diameter ratio, rind thickness, Total Soluable Solid (TSS), locul number and seed number, except peduncle length that has variation. Various variance pattern for population on all of location was arised on Total Soluable Solid (TSS), but on fruit diameter, locul number, and seed number the variance pattern were homogenous. Those result tends to assumption that the apomixis reproduction was happening on mangosteen, and if there were variation of fruits performance, its due to variation on environment conditions. These showed by means value of each of character.