Aplikasi Ektornikorhiza dan Pupuk Organik untuk Memperbaiki Pertumbuhan Tanaman pada Media Tailing

Abstract

Gold mining produces two types of waste. those are rock>- soil and tailing soil. One of serious problems of gold mining activit!- is the m.er capacit~o- f tailing dam ro store the tailing soil. In addition restoration of tailing soil is the most difficult aspect on reclamation of mining area. Chemical characteristic such as acidit!.. alkalinity. salinitl-. and high concentration of heal,>-m etals are common problem in gold mining. The uptake of the metals. such as lead. by rhe plant is seldom a problem. Associatioil of lead and cellular or sub-cellular membranes of the plant often results in the manifestation of toxic lead effects such as reductions in the activit~o,f phosphatase and enz>.me-boundA TP-ase. To minimize nega1ii.e effect of tailing. inoculation mychorrhizal fungi and addition of organic fertilizer in the tailing medium to accelerate biogeochernistq processes. \I-as applied. The aims of this research were first to study tolerance level of ectomycorhizal fungi in different concentrations of lead in in ~*irt-oco ndition. second tn stud>- the interaction between ectomycorrhizal fungi and organic fertilizer in the tailing medium to increase the plant prow~h in greenhouse condition. and rhird to stud) the effecr of organic fertilizer and charcoal amendment in tailing soil to increase the plant groll-th in field condition. The research M-as conducted in Silviculture Laborator!. of SEAMEO-BIOTROP and Gold Mining Area in Pongkor-Bopor. West fal-a during 8 months. Complete1~-r andomized design in : ( I one factor (lead concentrations) \\-as used in it7 ~qirt-oe xperiment. ( 2 )f actorial \\ hich consists of tn-o factors (mycorrhizal fungi and organic fertilizer) \\-as used in greenhouse esperiment. and (3) split plot design lvas used in field experiment where the main plot n,as tailing and sub-plot was organic fertilizer. The result of this research show-ed that lead concentration at 400 ppm inhibited railia1k~g- ronth of m~.celium of ( ' ~ J I ~ I ) L ' I ) c ' c -g~eIo~p~h ifii/>l and Rhi~opogut~I I I I C O ~ I ~ S( funpistatic effect ). but .S'c./c~lwr/~~~r.nmt~lit{ nlt~odr.ied not grot! in lead concentration at 400 ppm (f~ingitosic effect 1. I n greenhouse esperimenr. the gronrh of Eiic-rt(~prr~ycsl lirtr increased significantl!, in combinarion treatment of Rhi~opvgonI ztren/~r.a~n d tailing mixed with organic fertilizer of 1 : 1. and the best gronzh of Shor-uo ~ekrnicci ~vas obtained in inoculation of Rho~opogun IIIIL'OIIIS and tailing mixed ~vith organic fertilizer of -< : 1 . In field esperiment. the groxth Eltcrr1jprtr.v pellirir increased significantl>- b ~a,d dition nlised of organic fertilizer and charcoal. Generall!,. inoculation of tn~-corrhizal fungi and addition of organic fertilizer in railing medi~um increased the growth of seedlings.