Analisis Karakter Morfometrik dan Habitat Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus 1758) di Kabupaten Pamekasan, Madura

Abstract

Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) termasuk dalam sumberdaya laut penting dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Kondisi habitat alami yang menurun dapat menyebabkan rajungan stress, terkena penyakit, sehingga kematian. Perlu adanya analisis karakter morfometrik dan habitat rajungan pada Kabupaten Pamekasan, Madura. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama tiga kali sampling yaitu Agustus 2022, Oktober 2022, dan Januari 2023. Hasil menunjukkan rajungan yang tertangkap memiliki distribusi lebar karapas pada 62,5-152,5 mm. Rajungan jantan memiliki pola pertumbuhan allometrik, sedangkan rajungan betina memiliki pola pertumbuhan isometrik. Nilai slope pada ANCOVA menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan lebar karapas dan panjang karapas tiap bulan sama/tidak memiliki perbedaan nyata (p>0,05). Analisis Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan sebagian besar karakter morfometrik rajungan tiap bulan berbeda nyata (p<0,05). Analisis diskriminan menunjukkan persebaran karakter morfometrik tiap bulan tidak berbeda jauh dan berhubungan erat. Sebagian besar parameter fisika kimia telah memenuhi baku mutu serta tiap parameter saling memiliki korelasi. Komposisi bycatch yang tertangkap sebesar 45,60% dan didominasi famili Portunidae.

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) is an important marine resource and has high economic value. Decreasing natural habitat conditions can cause crab stress, disease, and even death. There is a need to analyze the morphometric characters and habitat of blue crabs in Pamekasan Regency, Madura. The research was carried out with three sampling sessions in August 2022, October 2022, and January 2023. The results showed that the crabs caught had a carapace width distribution of 62.5-152.5 mm. Male crabs have an allometric growth pattern, while female crabs have an isometric growth pattern. The slope value in ANCOVA shows that the growth rate of carapace width and carapace length each month is the same/no significant difference (p>0.05). Kruskal Wallis analysis showed that most of the crab morphometric characters were significantly different each month (p<0.05). Discriminant analysis showed that the distribution of morphometric characters for each month is not much different and is closely related. Most of the physicochemical parameters have met quality standards and each parameter has a correlation with each other. The composition of bycatch caught was 45.60% and was dominated by the Portunidae family.