Penggunaan Model Simulasi Pertanian Untuk Menduga Produktivitas Tanaman Tomat (Studi Kasus : Kabupaten Majalengka)

Abstract

Produktivitas tomat dipengaruhi oleh faktor iklim dan kebutuhan air tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyusun model simulasi pertanian tanaman tomat yang terdiri dari model simulasi perkembangan, pertumbuhan, dan neraca air untuk menduga produktivitas dan kebutuhan air, serta mengetahui masa tanam tanaman tomat di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Perbandingan hasil keluaran model tanaman tomat dengan hasi produktivitas observasi menunjukkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2 ) sebesar 0,98 di Kabupaten Majalengka dengan nilai galat 6,10 %. Terdapat perbedaan hasil estimasi kebutuhan air tanaman di musim kemarau dan musim hujan yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 1,4 – 6,1 mm/hari dan 1,1 – 5,0 mm/hari. Waktu tanam efektif tanaman tomat dengan menunjukkan nilai rasio produktivitas tertinggi apabila tanaman tomat ditanam pada bulan Januari, Oktober, November dan Desember.

Tomato productivity is influenced by climatic factors and plant water requirements. The calculation of tomato productivity value can be estimated using an agricultural simulation model consisting of several sub models including the growth sub model, development sub model, and water balance sub model using climate variables as model inputs. This study aims to develop an agricultural simulation model of tomato plants consisting of development, growth, and water balance simulation models to estimate productivity and water requirements, and determine the planting period of tomato plants. Comparison of the output results of the tomato crop model with the observed productivity results showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.98 in Majalengka Regency with an error value of 6,10%. There are differences in the results of estimating plant water requirements in the dry season and rainy season, which are respectively 1,4 – 6,1 mm / day and 1,1 – 5,0 mm / day. An effective planting time for tomato plants by showing the highest productivity ratio value when tomato plants are planted in January, October, November and December.