Kajian Etnobotani Pewarna Alami Pangan dan Sandang di Kabupaten Belitung

Abstract

Perkembangan zaman serta kemajuan teknologi membuat pengetahuan akan pewarna alami pangan maupun sandang semakin berkurang dan banyak yang beralih menggunakan pewarna sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik responden, pemanfaatan dan status tumbuhan pewarna alami pangan maupun sandang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan teknik snowball sampling dan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa responden pewarna alami pangan maupun sandang didominasi oleh perempuan dengan usia produktif. Tingkat pendidikan mayoritas lulusan SMA/SMK dan sumber pengetahuan diperoleh di tempat kerja dan secara otodidak. Terdapat 15 spesies pewarna alami pangan dan 19 spesies pewarna alami sandang yang dimanfaatkan serta sebagian besar diperoleh dengan cara membeli. Bagian dan warna yang dihasilkan pada pangan dan sandang didominasi bagian daun dan warna kuning. Tumbuhan pewarna yang termasuk langka teridentifikasi 12 spesies, yaitu 2 spesies Appendix II CITES, 6 spesies Least Concern IUCN, 1 spesies Near Threatened IUCN, dan 3 spesies Data Deficient IUCN

The development of the times and technological advances have made knowledge of natural food and clothing dyes decrease and many have switched to using synthetic dyes. This research aims to identify the characteristics of respondents, utilization and status of natural coloring plants for food and clothing. This research method uses snowball sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The results showed that respondents of natural food and clothing dyes were dominated by women of productive age. The education level of the majority of SMA/SMK graduates and the source of knowledge obtained at work and self-taught. There are 15 species of food natural dyes and 19 species of clothing natural dyes that are utilized and most of them are obtained by purchasing. The parts and colors produced in food and clothing are dominated by the leaves and yellow color. There are 12 rare coloring plants identified, namely 2 CITES Appendix II species, 6 IUCN Least Concern species, 1 IUCN Near Threatened species, and 3 IUCN Data Deficient species.