Analisis Postur Kerja Kegiatan Delimbing Pohon Jati Masak Tebang dengan Metode REBA, RULA, dan OWAS

Abstract

Operasi pemanenan kayu di Indonesia sering kali menggunakan sistem motor-manual. Postur pekerja saat melakukan kegiatan dengan sistem ini memiliki tingkat risiko musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) yang tinggi. Kegiatan delimbing atau pemotongan cabang, yang merupakan salah satu bagian dari kegiatan pemanenan hutan, tidak selalu dilakukan secara berurutan dari bagian pangkal menuju ujung (searah arah rebah). Terkadang, delimbing dilakukan secara berlawanan atau acak yaitu dari ujung menuju pangkal (berlawanan dengan arah rebah kayu) sehingga sering kali menghasilkan postur tubuh yang janggal. Penelitian mengenai analisis postur dalam kegiatan delimbing pohon jati masak tebang dengan urutan maupun secara acak perlu dilakukan sehingga dapat menganalisis risiko MSDs akibat postur kerjanya. Penilaian risiko MSDs dilakukan dengan beberapa analisis yaitu Range of Motion, Rapid Entire Body Assessment, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment, dan Ovako Work Posture Analysis System. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa metode delimbing yang lebih berisiko untuk menyebabkan MSDs merupakan metode acak. Faktor yang menyebabkan risiko cedera pada kegiatan delimbing merupakan postur tubuh yang janggal (secara statis maupun berulang-ulang), beban chainsaw, serta permukaan area pemotongan cabang yang tidak stabil.

Wood harvesting operations in Indonesia often use a motor-manual system. The posture of workers when carrying out activities with this system has a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Delimbing or branch cutting, which is a part of forest harvesting activities, are not always carried out sequentially from the base to the tip (in the direction of falling). Sometimes, delimbing is done in opposite or random ways, namely from the tip to the base (against the direction of felling of the wood), which often results in awkward body postures. Research on posture analysis of delimbing activities in ripening teak trees in sequence or random method needs to be carried out so that it can analyze the risk of MSDs due to their work posture. MSDs risk assessment is carried out with several analyzes, namely Range of Motion, Rapid Entire Body Assessment, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment, and Ovako Work Posture Analysis System. The results shows that the delimbing method that has more risk of causing MSDs is the random method. Factors that cause the risk of injury in delimbing activities are awkward body postures (statically or repeatedly), chainsaw’s weight, and the unstable surface of the branch cutting area.