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      Induksi Kalus dan Regenerasi Tunas Vanili (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) Varietas Unggul secara In Vitro

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Musdalifah
      Ratnadewi, Diah
      Hadipoentyanti, Endang
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      Abstract
      Vanili (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) merupakan tanaman yang secara komersil dibudidayakan dan dieksploitasi dalam skala besar. Perbanyakan vanili secara generatif sukar dilakukan, sedangkan secara vegetatif melalui stek batang masih sangat terbatas dan rentan terhadap penyebaran cendawan patogen penyebab busuk batang vanili (BBV). Perbanyakan vanili secara in vitro menjadi upaya alternatif dalam memenuhi ketersediaan benih vanili bebas penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan kombinasi auksin dan sitokinin yang terbaik untuk memperoleh kalus dan regenerasinya untuk perbanyakan tanaman vanili varietas unggul dengan ketahanan lebih tinggi terhadap BBV. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Kombinasi 2,4-D yang lebih tinggi dari kinetin digunakan untuk menginduksi kalus, sedangkan kombinasi 2,4-D dengan kinetin yang ditinggikan diterapkan pada metode pembesaran kalus; kedua tahap ini dilakukan tanpa cahaya. Perlakuan 2,4-D (0,5 - 1,5 mg/L) + kinetin (0,1 mg/L) merupakan kombinasi terbaik dalam menginduksi kalus pada eksplan buku pertama dan pucuk. Kombinasi 2,4-D (0,1 mg/L) + kinetin (0,5 - 1 mg/L) efektif dalam proliferasi dan pembentukan kalus organogenik. Regenerasi kalus organogenik menjadi tunas di bawah cahaya pada media dengan BAP 0,5 mg/L menghasilkan regenerasi tunas dan bakal tunas terbanyak.
       
      Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) is a commercial plant cultivated and exploited on a large scale. Sexual propagation of vanilla is difficult to carry out, while vegetative way through stem cuttings is still very limited and vulnerable against the spread of pathogenic fungi causing vanilla stem rot (SRD). Micropropagation is an alternative effort to provide disease-free vanilla seedlings. This study aimed to obtain the best combination of auxin and cytokinin for callus and its regeneration to provide plantlets of vanilla superior variety with higher resistance to SRD. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. A combination of 2,4-D which is higher than kinetin was used to induce callusing, while the combination of 2,4-D with higher concentration of kinetin was applied for callus proliferation; both steps were done in the dark. The treatments of 2,4-D (0,5 - 1,5 mg/L) + kinetin (0,1 mg/L) were the favorable in inducing callus on first node and apical shoot explants. The combinations of 2,4-D (0,1 mg/L) + kinetin (0,5 - 1 mg/L) were effective for callus proliferation and organogenic callus formation. Organogenic callus regeneration shoots under the light on media with BAP 0,5 mg/L produced the most abundant regenerated shoots and buds.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/130334
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      • UT - Biology [2401]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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