Pembuatan Briket Arang Dari Campuran Kulit Kacang, Cabang Dan Ranting Pohon Sengon Serta Sebetan Bambu

Abstract

Introduction. One of waste utilization or organic garbage is as raw material of charcoal briquette. Charcoal Briquette can support energy need of human. Charcoal Briquette can be made by material which contain lignin and cellulose like waste or organic garbage where can be got in human life like nutshell waste, logging waste of tree of sengon which has branches and sticks, and also waste of bamboo slice. Making charcoal briquette which comes from waste or organic garbage can be alternative solution for solving garbage and can be new alternative sources of energy. Method. Making charcoal briquette is prepared raw material at first. It is continued by processing combustion with kiln drum (temperature at 500oC-1000oC). Next, it uses crashing and buffering charcoal (filter at 35 meshs) to become dust which has charcoal size of 35 meshs or more. Making starch glue (5% derived from charcoal weight) is mixing and cooking tapioca flour with water (1:12). Charcoal Dust is mixed with starch glue and it will be printed by pressure at ± 9 tons to become charcoal briquette. Then, briquette is tested physical in properties (water content, density and pressure stability) and chemical characteristic ( ash content, volatile matter content, content of bounded carbon, calorie value). Result and Discussion. Result of test in physical and chemical properties of charcoal briquette showed water content average of 1,57%-2,18%, ash content of 10,92%- 15,09%, volatile matter content of 19,28%-41,36%, content of bounded carbon of 44,32%-66,48%, density of 0,40 g/cm3-0,53 g/cm3, pressure stability of 9,99 kg/cm2- 15,89 kg/cm2, and calorie value of 5175 cal/g-6299 cal/g. Conclusion. Mixing nutshell charcoal, branch and tree stick of sengon and bamboo slice could be made for briquette and it had high enough value in calorie (5175kal/g -6299 kal/g). Four briquettes which had been produced were only briquette of Nutshell charcoal of Bamboo Sengon (KKSB) which got quality standard of Japan charcoal briquette at calorie value (6299 cal/g). But, Four briquettes didn’t get standard of charcoal briquette of America, Indonesia and UK. Composition of mixture-charcoal influenced charcoal density and calorie value. Composition of mixture-charcoal didn’t effect charcoal water content, ash content, volatile matter content, content of bounded carbon and pressure stability value.