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      Aplikasi Pupuk Hayati Mikoriza Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nanas (Ananas comosus L.) Pada Masa Vegetatif

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      Date
      2023-10-04
      Author
      Falih, Fairuz Annabil
      Fitriyani, Indri Hapsari
      Hazra, Fahrizal
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      Abstract
      Nanas merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor andalan Indonesia yang tumbuh baik di tanah masam. Tingginya penggunaan pupuk anorganik dalam budidaya nanas mengakibatkan degradasi lingkungan. Kerusakan lingkungan dapat dikurangi dengan menggunakan pupuk organik. Mikoriza merupakan agen hayati yang dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan unsur hara P dan K di dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas pupuk hayati mikoriza dan efeknya pada pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman nanas. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan sembilan taraf perlakuan terdiri dari P0 (Kontrol), P1 (NPK 100% - standar PT. GGP), P2 (Provibio 100% + NPK 100%), P3 (Provibio 100% + NPK 50%), P4 (Mikoriza 100% + NPK 100%), P5 (Mikoriza 100% + NPK 50%), P6 (Provibio 100% + Mikoriza 100% + NPK 50%), P7 (Provibio 75% + Mikoriza 75% + NPK 50%), dan P8 (Provibio 50% + Mikoriza 50% + NPK 50%). Bibit yang digunakan dalam penanaman adalah bagian crown. Polybag berisi 20 kg campuran tanah dan kompos dengan rasio 9:1 digunakan untuk menanam bibit nanas pada semua perlakuan. Dosis pupuk yang digunakan pada dosis 100% adalah NPK dalam bentuk ZA 0,5 g, DAP 2 g, KCl 2 g, mikoriza 5 g, dan Provibio 10 ml / 1 liter air per polybag. Setiap perlakuan memiliki 3 perulangan dan 5 sub anakan. Lokasi penelitian berada di Terbanggi Besar, Kabupaten Lampung Tengah, Provinsi Lampung. Parameter yang diamati adalah sifat kimia tanah, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, biomasa, kolonisasi mikoriza, jumlah spora mikoriza, dan kesehatan akar selama 4 bulan pada awal masa pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman nanas. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode ANOVA dan Uji Lanjut DMRT. Sifat kimia tanah seperti %C-organik, %N dan unsur hara tersedia meningkat setelah diberikan perlakuan mikoriza. P8 memiliki hasil pertumbuhan vegetatif terbaik secara keseluruhan dengan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan bobot basah tidak berbeda nyata dengan P1 (NPK 100% - standar PT. GGP) dengan input pupuk anorganik lebih sedikit. P4 (Mikoriza 100% + NPK 100%) dipilih sebagai perlakuan mikoriza dengan kolonisasi mikoriza terbaik karena mendapatkan persentase infeksi akar paling tinggi pada 41,67%
       
      Pineapple is one of Indonesia's main export commodities, and it grows well in acidic soil. The high use of inorganic fertilizers causes environmental degradation. Environmental damage caused by inorganic fertilizers can be reduced by using organic fertilizers. Mycorrhiza is a biological agent that can increase the availability of P and K nutrients in soil. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mycorrhizal biofertilizers and their effects on the vegetative growth of pineapple plants. The study used a completely randomized design with nine treatment levels: P0 (Control), P1 (NPK 100% - PT GGP’s standard), P2 (Provibio 100% + NPK 100%), P3 (Provibio 100% + NPK 50%), P4 (Mycorrhiza 100% + NPK 100%), P5 (Mycorrhiza 100% + NPK 50%), P6 (Provibio 100% + Mycorrhiza 100% + NPK 50%), P7 (Provibio 75% + Mycorrhiza 75% + NPK 50%), and P8 (Provibio 50% + Mycorrhiza 50% + NPK 50%). Seedlings used are derived from crown’s part of pineapple. polybags containing 20 kg of soil and compost mixture with a ratio of 9:1 were used to plant the pineapple seedlings in all treatments. The ammount of fertilizer used at 100% dosage was NPK in the form of ZA 0.5 g, 2 g DAP, 2 g KCl, 5 g mycorrhiza, and 10 ml Provibio / 1 liter of water per polybag. Each treatment had three replicates and five sub samples. This research was conducted in Terbanggi Besar, Central Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. Parameters observed were soil chemical properties, plant height, number of leaves, biomass weight, mycorrhizal colonization, mycorrhizal spore count, and root health in 4 months after plant of pineapple’s early stage of vegetative growth. Data analysis was conducted using ANOVA and DMRT tests. Soil chemical properties, such as %C-organic, %N, and available nutrients, increased after mycorrhizal treatment. P8 (Provibio 50% + mycorrhiza 50% + NPK 50%) regarded as the best treatment for vegetative growth for achieving plant height, number of leaves, and wet weight comparable to that of P1 (NPK 100% - PT GGP’s standard) with less inorganic fertilizer input. P4 (Mycorrhiza 100% + NPK 100%) regarded as the best mycorrhizal treatment with the best mycorrhiza colonization for achieving the highest mycorrhiza root infection at 41,67%.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/125880
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      • UT - Soil Science and Land Resources [2825]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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