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      Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ethephon dan Lilin Lebah pada Degreening dan Umur Simpan Jeruk Siam Madu Medan (Citrus nobilis L.)

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Mutia, Rahma
      Efendi, Darda
      Sukma, Dewi
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      Abstract
      Jeruk Siam Madu Medan (Citrus nobilis L.) merupakan jeruk yang berpotensi tinggi karena manis, segar, dan mengandung vitamin C yang tinggi. Umumnya jeruk ini memiliki warna hijau dan kuning yang tidak merata meskipun sudah matang dibandingkan dengan jeruk impor yang jingga penuh sehingga menyebabkan tingginya volume impor. Degreening adalah proses menghasilkan pigmen karotenoid dan menurunkan pigmen klorofil yang dapat memperbaiki kualitas warna kulit buah jeruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ethephon terhadap perubahan sifat fisik dan konsentrasi lilin lebah dalam memperpanjang umur simpan buah jeruk. Degreening dilakukan menggunakan konsentrasi ethephon 0, 500, dan 1000 ppm. Pelilinan dilakukan menggunakan konsentrasi lilin lebah 0% dan 4%. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan selama penyimpanan 27 hari pada suhu ruangan 26.5-28.0 oC dan RH 52.7-61.0% tidak terdapat interaksi antara ethephon dan lilin lebah. Perlakuan ethephon berpengaruh nyata terhadap degreening dengan konsentrasi ethephon 500 ppm menghasilkan warna jingga tertinggi dengan nilai CCI 7.51 dan ohue 70.12 pada 14 HSP. Pelapisan lilin lebah konsentrasi 4% efektif mencegah pengurangan ukuran diameter buah sebesar 0.60 cm dari 6 hingga 14 HSP, namun hanya berpengaruh nyata dalam menekan susut bobot pada 2 HSP. Degreening hanya mempengaruhi kualitas eksternal, namun tidak dengan internal buah jeruk Siam Madu Medan.
       
      Medan Honey Siamese mandarin (Citrus nobilis L.) is high potential fruits because its sweet, fresh, and high of vitamin C. Visually, these mandarins have uneven green and yellow color even though already ripe compared to the imported mandarins with fully orange color that causing Indonesia has high import volume. Degreening is a process of producing carotenoid and degrading the chlorophyll chemically to improve the quality of citrus peel color. The study aims to observe the effects of ethephon and beeswax concentrations on changes the physical properties and extending the shelf life of citrus fruits. Degreening was conducted using ethephon at concentrations of 0, 500, and 1000 ppm and beeswax coating at concentrations of 0% and 4%. The analysis showed that during 27 days of storage at room temperature of 26.5-28.0 oC and RH 52.7-61.0%, degreening with 500 ppm ethephon produced the highest orange colour with Citrus Color Index (CCI) value of 7.51 and ohue 70.12. The treatment of 4% beeswax effectively suppressed the diameter shrinkage by 0.6 cm at day 6 to 14, but only effected on reducing weight loss at second day after treatment. Postharvest degreening treatment only affected the external quality but not the internal quality of Medan Honey Siamese mandarins.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/125613
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7622]

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